I want to manually download a Docker Image from Docker Hub. More specifically, I want to download a Docker Image from Docker Hub on a machine in a restricted environment which does not (and cannot) have the Docker client software installed. I would have thought that this would be possible using the official API, but this does not appear to be the case - see the following discussion:
Is it really the case that the API doesn't support downloading images? Is there a way to work around this?
UPDATE 1:
I came across the following ServerFault post:
The accepted solution uses the docker save command, which doesn't help in my situation. But another solution posted there cites the following StackOverflow post:
One of the solutions there refers to a command-line tool called docker-registry-debug which, among other things, can generate a curl command for downloading an image. Here is what I got:
user@host:~$ docker-registry-debug curlme docker ubuntu
# Reading user/passwd from env var "USER_CREDS"
# No password provided, disabling auth
# Getting token from https://index.docker.io
# Got registry endpoint from the server: https://registry-1.docker.io
# Got token: signature=1234567890abcde1234567890abcde1234567890,repository="library/docker",access=read
curl -i --location-trusted -I -X GET -H "Authorization: Token signature=1234567890abcde1234567890abcde1234567890,repository="library/docker",access=read" https://registry-1.docker.io/v1/images/ubuntu/layer
user@host:~$ curl \
-i --location-trusted -I -X GET \
-H "Authorization: Token signature=1234567890abcde1234567890abcde1234567890,repository="library/docker",access=read"
https://registry-1.docker.io/v1/images/ubuntu/layer
HTTP/1.1 404 NOT FOUND
Server: gunicorn/18.0
Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2017 01:00:00 GMT
Expires: -1
Content-Type: application/json
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Length: 29
X-Docker-Registry-Version: 0.8.15
X-Docker-Registry-Config: common
Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000
So unfortunately it looks like the curl command generated does not work.
UPDATE 2:
It looks like I'm able to download layer blobs from Docker Hub. Here is how I'm currently going about it.
Get an authorization token:
user@host:~$ export TOKEN=\
"$(curl \
--silent \
--header 'GET' \
"https://auth.docker.io/token?service=registry.docker.io&scope=repository:library/ubuntu:pull" \
| jq -r '.token' \
)"
Pull an image manifest:
user@host:~$ curl \
--silent \
--request 'GET' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
'https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/ubuntu/manifests/latest' \
| jq '.'
Pull an image manifest and extract the blob sums:
user@host:~$ curl \
--silent \
--request 'GET' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
'https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/ubuntu/manifests/latest' \
| jq -r '.fsLayers[].blobSum'
sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4
sha256:be588e74bd348ce48bb7161350f4b9d783c331f37a853a80b0b4abc0a33c569e
sha256:e4ce6c3651b3a090bb43688f512f687ea6e3e533132bcbc4a83fb97e7046cea3
sha256:421e436b5f80d876128b74139531693be9b4e59e4f1081c9a3c379c95094e375
sha256:4c7380416e7816a5ab1f840482c9c3ca8de58c6f3ee7f95e55ad299abbfe599f
sha256:660c48dd555dcbfdfe19c80a30f557ac57a15f595250e67bfad1e5663c1725bb
Download a single layer blob and write it to a file:
user@host:~$ BLOBSUM=\
"sha256:a3ed95caeb02ffe68cdd9fd84406680ae93d633cb16422d00e8a7c22955b46d4"
user@host:~$ curl \
--silent \
--location \
--request GET \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
"https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/ubuntu/blobs/${BLOBSUM}" \
> "${BLOBSUM/*:/}.gz"
Write all of the blob sums to a file:
user@host:~$ curl \
--silent \
--request 'GET' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
'https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/ubuntu/manifests/latest' \
| jq -r '.fsLayers[].blobSum' > ubuntu-blobsums.txt
Download all of the layer blobs from the manifest:
user@host:~$ while read BLOBSUM; do
curl \
--silent \
--location \
--request 'GET' \
--header "Authorization: Bearer ${TOKEN}" \
"https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/library/ubuntu/blobs/${BLOBSUM}" \
> "${BLOBSUM/*:/}.gz"; \
done < blobsums.txt
Now I have a bunch of layer blobs and I need to recombine them into an image - I think.
Related Links:
Docker Community Forums: Manual download of Docker Hub images
Docker Issue #1016: Fetch docker images without docker command. e.g. with wget
ServerFault: Downloading docker image for transfer to non-internet-connected machine
StackOverflow: Downloading docker image for transfer to non-internet-connected machine
StackOverflow: How to download docker images without using pull command?
