Display tikzpiture environment in Righ to Left direction in a Document using a language with Left to Right direction as the main language

Question

I write a document with mixed languages having different writing direction. The main language is in left to right direction. I want to write a tree diagram in another language having right to left direction.

Firstly I try this:

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction
\begin{document}

\begin{Arabic}
لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:
\end{Arabic}

\begin{Arabic}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
    \node {الۡأَصۡلُ}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{Arabic}

\end{document}

and I get the text displayed in incorrect direction and the tikzpicture displayed in left to right direction.

Secondly I try this

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction
\begin{document}

\begin{Arabic}
لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:
\end{Arabic}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
\begin{Arabic}
    \node {الۡأَصۡلُ}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}
    };
\end{Arabic}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

and I get the same result as above.

Thirdly I try this

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction
\begin{document}

\begin{Arabic}
لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:
\end{Arabic}

\begin{Arabic}
\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
    \node {\RL{الۡأَصۡلُ}}
        child {node {\RL{الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}}
        child {node {\RL{الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}}
            child {node {\RL{فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}}
            child {node {\RL{فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{Arabic}

\end{document}

I get the text displayed in correct direction but the tikzpicture is still displayed in left to right direction.

Lastly I try just for a testing to change the default language the language with Right to Left Direction:

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction
\setotherlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\begin{document}

لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
    \node {الۡأَصۡلُ}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
        child {node {الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
            child {node {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

and I get surprisedly the text and the tikzpicture environment both are displayed incorectly similar with the result of the first and second testing.

Is there any solution so I can get both of the text and the tikzpicture environment displayed in Right to Left Direction? Thanks.

Answer 1

Arabic nodes in TikZ picture

You may define a arabic node TikZ style:

\tikzset{
  arabic node/.style={
    execute at begin node={\Arabic},
    execute at end node={\endArabic},
  },
}

Completed example:

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction

\tikzset{
  arabic node/.style={
    execute at begin node={\Arabic},
    execute at end node={\endArabic},
  },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{Arabic}
لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:
\end{Arabic}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
    \node[arabic node] {الۡأَصۡلُ}
        child {node[arabic node] {الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
        child {node[arabic node] {الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}
            child {node[arabic node] {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
            child {node[arabic node] {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

Bug with tikzpicture in RTL/LTR environment

About the tikzpicture environment displayed in right to left direction, it seems that the RTL/LTR mechanisms of XeTeX breaks the tikzpicture environment (a kind of bug...). The following document changes when you uncomment the arabic other language:

\documentclass[11pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{english}
%\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction
\begin{document}
A
\begin{tikzpicture}
\fill[cyan] (0,0) rectangle (2,1);
\end{tikzpicture}
B
\end{document}

Workaround

As workaround, you may put your tikzpicture in a box (via \makebox):

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{article}
\usepackage[no-math,quiet]{fontspec}
\setmainfont[Ligatures=TeX]{Linux Libertine O}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic,Mapping=arabicdigits]{Amiri}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage[quiet]{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{bahasai} % Indonesian Language, Left to Right Direction
\setotherlanguage{arabic} % Arabic Language, Right to Left Direction

\tikzset{
  arabic node/.style={
    execute at begin node={\Arabic},
    execute at end node={\endArabic},
  },
}

\begin{document}

\begin{Arabic}
لَاحِظِ الصُّوۡرَةَ الشَّجَرِيَّةَ التَّالِيَةَ:

\makebox{\begin{tikzpicture}
    [parent anchor=west,child anchor=east,grow=west,
     sibling distance=15mm, level distance=35mm
    ]
    \node[arabic node] {الۡأَصۡلُ}
        child {node[arabic node] {الۡفَرۡعُ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
        child {node[arabic node] {الۡفَرۡعُ الثَّانِيۡ}
            child {node[arabic node] {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الۡأَوَّلُ}}
            child {node[arabic node] {فَرۡعُ الۡفَرۡعِ الۡأَوَّلِ الثَّانِيۡ}}
    };
\end{tikzpicture}}
\end{Arabic}

\end{document}