LaTeX tables: How do I make thicker or thinner horizontal lines (typically \hline)?

Question

The title says it all:

In LaTeX tables: How do I make bold horizontal lines (typically \hline)?

score 107 · Accepted Answer · answered Sep 24 '10 at 14:06

Your question suggests that you might be interested in setting tabular rules (\hline's) of different weight in order to improve your typography rather than for the purposes of some simple "one-off" adjustment. If so, you should consider the booktabs package (if you haven't already done so). It provides canned weighted rules (\toprule, \midrule, etc) which, for typographical reasons, are defined in terms of fractions of em's rather than pt's, although these are very easy to define in pt's as well. Each rule can be locally or globally parameterised for your own specific weighting requirements. The package also provides macros like \heavyrulewidth and \lightrulewidth which you can use "as is" or can redefine to suit your particular needs. (Just as the author uses the term 'rule' where others might call it 'line', the author also uses the term 'width' where others might prefer to use 'thickness'.) The package is exceptionally easy to use. As a side-benefit, the documentation contains some very insightful guidelines about the ins and outs of good tabular typography.

I think this is the cleanest solution, however for this document I was already using tabularx tables and do not have the time to switch to booktabs :( — levesque, Sep 24 '10 at 14:43
@JCL: strange, tabularx and booktabs should co-habitate quite well. — Geoffrey Jones, Sep 24 '10 at 15:21
@levesque: Geoffrey is right — it's important to note that booktabs is not a new tabular environment; it provides "rules" to use in whatever tabular you're currently using. — Will Robertson, Nov 29 '10 at 23:18
After having really experimented with booktabs, I see that you both were right ;) It really does not imply much work to start using them! — levesque, Apr 04 '11 at 15:44

score 69 · Answer 2 · answered Oct 09 '11 at 16:25

69

\usepackage{makecell}

and use e.g.

\Xhline{2\arrayrulewidth}

instead of \hline

answered Oct 09 '11 at 16:25

Leo Liu

77,365

1

This works wrong for longtable. – Ivan Bychkov Apr 02 '12 at 12:35
@IvanBychkov: This does work for longtable. You should use makecell after longtable. – Leo Liu Apr 03 '12 at 10:23
3

@LeoLiu - great...this solution was the only one working straightforward! – Matteo Nov 24 '12 at 09:05
3

It does not work well with longtable: the bold line does not reach the border, it stops before and continues with a normal line. Odd. – Alejandro DC Jan 15 '15 at 14:42
for {tabular} env it worked great as I was already using the {makecell} pkg – alisa Mar 06 '20 at 03:25
Can we also define color of line? – user3582228 Feb 24 '22 at 06:19

score 46 · Answer 3 · edited Jun 08 '17 at 16:30

You can also fix the default tickness of \hline or use a\specialrule also from booktabs or ctable package. (Since the ctable package imports booktabs packages, all commands from this package are available as well). This is a MWE:

MWE

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{ctable} % for \specialrule command

\begin{document}
\centering

Default \texttt{\textbackslash hline}: 
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 \\ 
\hline
\end{tabular}
\bigskip

Thicker \texttt{\textbackslash hline}: 
\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{.3em}
\bigskip
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 \\ 
\hline
\end{tabular}
\bigskip

Custom \texttt{special rule}s with  \texttt{ctable} package: 

\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\specialrule{.05em}{1em}{0em} 
 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 
\specialrule{.1em}{.05em}{.05em} 
1 & 2 & 3 \\ 
\specialrule{.2em}{.1em}{.1em} 
1 & 2 & 3 \\ 
\specialrule{.3em}{.2em}{.2em}
 1 & 2 & 3 \\
\specialrule{.4em}{.3em}{.3em}
1 & 2 & 3 \\    
\specialrule{.5em}{.4em}{.4em}
1 & 2 & 3 \\
\specialrule{.6em}{.5em}{0em}
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

It s useful for me right now! – Mikasa May 25 '22 at 13:39 — Mikasa, May 25 '22 at 13:39

pluton · Answer 4 · 2010-09-24T14:11:58.383

17

\def\hlinewd#1{%
\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1 %
\futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}

and then use \hlinewd{2pt} in your tables, for instance.

This should compile:

\documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\makeatletter
\def\hlinewd#1{%
\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height #1 %
\futurelet\reserved@a\@xhline}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\hlinewd{2pt}
plo & plo & plo\\ \hlinewd{2pt}
plo & plo & plo\\ \hlinewd{5pt}
plo & plo & plo
\end{tabular}
\end{document}

edited Sep 24 '10 at 14:11

answered Sep 24 '10 at 13:17

pluton

16,421

1

I get the following error message :" ! You can't use `\spacefactor' in internal vertical mode. \spacefactor ".
Is there a package that I need to include?
– levesque Sep 24 '10 at 13:57
1

where did you put this definition? don't forget \makeatletter \makeatother when necessary. – pluton Sep 24 '10 at 14:03
With my other environment (re)definitions, before the begin document. I don't use the @ character anywhere else in my document than in that definiton. – levesque Sep 24 '10 at 14:07
I just edited the message above. – pluton Sep 24 '10 at 14:12
2

This works wrong for longtable. – Ivan Bychkov Apr 02 '12 at 12:32
Could be. I never tried. – pluton Apr 03 '12 at 02:40
@pluton nice solution. It worked for me. This is especially useful when you use \rowcolors which can easily override the default \hline and make it invisible unless you use high magnification like 400%. Also, with booktab package you get a band of white space around \hline which I am guessing won't work with colored rows. – Maesumi May 20 '12 at 19:19

score 13 · Answer 5 · edited Jul 15 '17 at 13:08

I suggest you use the \specialrule command of the booktabs package, but should read the containing paragraph in the manual. Such a thick rule is generally frowned upon (especially in scientific texts).

An example could be:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}
    \centering
    \begin{tabular}{rccc}
        \toprule
        Thing & Value & Value & Value\\
        \midrule
        A & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        B & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        C & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        \specialrule{2.5pt}{1pt}{1pt}
        D & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        E & 1 & 2 & 3\\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}

score 8 · Answer 6 · edited Jun 10 '20 at 12:32

8

A simple solution for completeness sake: setting the length register \arrayrulewidth with \setlength allows you to globally set the width of the line produced by \hline if you place it outside of the tabular environment.

Changing \arrayrulewidth inside tabular however doesn't seem to work.

Example document:

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\setlength{\arrayrulewidth}{2pt}
\begin{tabular}{llll}
  \hline
  A & B & C & D
  \\hline
  1 & 2 & 3 & 4

\end{tabular}
\end{document}

Example document output:

edited Jun 10 '20 at 12:32

Community

1

answered May 06 '17 at 09:24

FK82

683

If you put it outside tabular but within table, i.e. between begin{table} and begin{tabular}, it works fine – Alfonso Jul 06 '21 at 16:03

score 1 · Answer 7 · answered Sep 03 '21 at 00:17

An alternative solution with tblr and booktabs environments of tabularray package: you can set widths and colors for hlines.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{tabularray}
\UseTblrLibrary{booktabs}
\begin{document}
\begin{tblr}{rccc}
    \hline[2pt,red5]
    Thing & Value & Value & Value\
    \hline[1pt]
    A & 1 & 2 & 3\
    B & 1 & 2 & 3\
    C & 1 & 2 & 3\
    \hline[1pt]
    D & 1 & 2 & 3\
    E & 1 & 2 & 3\
    \hline[2pt,blue5]
\end{tblr}
\bigskip
\begin{booktabs}{colspec={rccc},row{odd}={blue9}}
    \toprule
    Thing & Value & Value & Value\
    \midrule
    A & 1 & 2 & 3\
    B & 1 & 2 & 3\
    C & 1 & 2 & 3\
    \specialrule{2.5pt,teal5}{1pt}{1pt}
    D & 1 & 2 & 3\
    E & 1 & 2 & 3\
    \bottomrule
\end{booktabs}
\end{document}

LaTeX tables: How do I make thicker or thinner horizontal lines (typically \hline)?

7 Answers7

Example document:

Example document output:

Linked