How to draw this particular Mexican hat potential?

Question

I know there are some other mexican hat questions here, but none of the answers seems complete to me. I would like to draw the following figure with TikZ with similar axis and labeling. How can one do that?

My minimal example goes like

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}
      \begin{tikzpicture}
        \begin{axis}[  axis lines=center, axis on top = false, 
    view={140}{15},axis equal,title={The Mexican hat potential},
          colormap={blackwhite}{gray(0cm)=(1); gray(1cm)=(0)},
            samples=30,
            domain=0:360,
            y domain=0:1.25,
            zmin=0,
        zmax=0.9,
        xlabel=$\phi_{Im}$,
        ylabel=$\phi_{Re}$,
        zlabel=$V$,
        yticklabels={,,},
        xticklabels={,,},
        zticklabels={,,}
        ]
        \addplot3 [surf, shader=flat, draw=black, fill=white, z buffer=sort] ({sin(x)*y}, {cos(x)*y}, {(y^2-1)^2});
        \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

The output of which (see below) I don't like because I want a right handed coordinate system with z-axis pointing up and the x-axis pointing out of the screen as in the attached figure. If the dashes are too hard to implement I can do without them also.

In order to get the axes right, I have adjusted the view angle so as to "get it right", but this is also not straightforward at the moment. Finally, the labeling is definitely wrong as can be seen in the output. Any help would be appreciated.

EDIT: There seems to be some kind of bug with the labeling. I will try what's recommended in this thread.

Answer 1

Is it OK if we draw them?

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots,amsmath}
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        \begin{axis}[
            hide axis,
            %axis lines=middle,
%            axis on top,
%            axis line style={blue,dashed,thick},
%            ymin=-2,ymax=2,
%            xmin=-2,xmax=2,
%            zmin=-2,zmax=2,
            samples=30,
            domain=0:360,
            y domain=0:1.25,clip=false
        ]
        \addplot3 [surf, shader=flat, draw=black, fill=white, z buffer=sort]
           ({sin(x)*y}, {cos(x)*y}, {(y^2-1)^2});
        \draw[blue,thick,dashed] (axis cs:0,0,0) -- (axis cs:1,0,0)
                    node[below,font=\footnotesize]{$\phi_{\text{IM}}$};
        \draw[blue,thick,-stealth] (axis cs:1,0,0) -- (axis cs:1.3,0,0)
                    node[above,font=\footnotesize]{$\hat{y}$};
        \draw[blue,thick,dashed] (axis cs:0,0,0) -- (axis cs:0,-1,0)
                    node[left=2mm,font=\footnotesize]{$\phi_{\text{RE}}$};
        \draw[blue,thick,-stealth] (axis cs:0,-1,0) -- (axis cs:0,-1.5,0)
                    node[right=1mm,font=\footnotesize]{$\hat{x}$};
        \draw[blue,thick,dashed] (axis cs:0,0,0) -- (axis cs:0,0,1)
                    %node[left=2mm,font=\footnotesize]{$\phi_{\text{RE}}$}
                    ;
        \draw[blue,thick,-stealth] (axis cs:0,0,1) -- (axis cs:0,0,1.3)
                    node[right,font=\footnotesize]{$\hat{z}$};
        \end{axis}
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

Attention: I noticed that the below PDF of the Mexican Hat Potential is kind of corrupt. I suspect the shaded ball. It is corrupt in the sense that when you try to print it: On some softwares it cannot be printed (like acroread of UNIX) and with some other softwares only one quarter (the third quadrant) of the ball is actually printed together with the rest of the document.

Just for future users and for reference I would like to post my solution to this problem. Although it does not replicate the figure of the OP, it is kind of even better. So here's my code which is extremely manual in the sense that I had to get it by trial and error and by copy pasting from lots of different sources:

    \documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pgfdeclarefunctionalshading{sphere}{\pgfpoint{-25bp}{-25bp}}{\pgfpoint{25bp}{25bp}}{}{
%% calculate unit coordinates
25 div exch
25 div exch
%% copy stack
2 copy 
%% compute -z^2 of the current position 
dup mul exch
dup mul add
1.0 sub
%% and the -z^2 of the light source 
0.3 dup mul
-0.5 dup mul add
1.0 sub
%% now their sqrt product
mul abs sqrt
%% and the sum product of the rest
exch 0.3 mul add
exch -0.5 mul add
%% max(dotprod,0)
dup abs add 2.0 div 
%% matte-ify
0.6 mul 0.4 add
%% currently there is just one number in the stack.
%% we need three corresponding to the RGB values
dup
0.4
}
\begin{document}
      \begin{tikzpicture}
          \begin{axis}[  axis lines=center, axis on top = false, 
    view={140}{25},axis equal,title={The Mexican hat potential},
          colormap={blackwhite}{gray(0cm)=(1); gray(1cm)=(0)},
            samples=50,
            domain=0:360,
            y domain=0:1.25,
            zmin=0,
        xmax=1.5,
        ymax=1.5,
        zmax=1.5,
        x label style={at={(axis description cs:0.10,0.25)},anchor=north},
        y label style={at={(axis description cs:0.9,0.2)},anchor=north},
        z label style={at={(axis description cs:0.5,0.9)},anchor=north},
        xlabel = $\mathrm{Re}(\phi)$,
        ylabel=$\mathrm{Im}(\phi)$,
        zlabel=$V(\phi)$,
        yticklabels={,,},
        xticklabels={,,},
        zticklabels={,,}
        ]
        \addplot3 [surf, shader=flat, draw=black, fill=white, z buffer=sort] ({sin(x)*y}, {cos(x)*y}, {(y^2-1)^2});
        \end{axis}
        \shade[shading=sphere] (3.47,3.5) circle [radius=0.15cm];
        \shade[shading=sphere] (5.2,2.2) circle [radius=0.15cm]; 
        \node[anchor=east] at (4.05,3.71) (text) {A};
  \node[anchor=west] at (5.5,3.0) (description) {B};
  \draw (description) edge[out=180,in=0,<-] (text);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

And here's the output of that: