سرطان

Arabic
سَرَطَان

Alternative forms
  • سَلْطَعُون (salṭaʕūn), سَلْطَعَان (salṭaʕān), سَلْعَطَان (salʕaṭān), زَلْعَطَان (zalʕaṭān), سَرْطَعَان (sarṭaʕān), سَرْطَعُون (sarṭaʕūn)

Etymology

Compare Classical Syriac ܣܪܛܢܐ (sarṭānā), and Hebrew סַרְטָן (sarṭā́n).

The medical sense is possibly a semantic loan from Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos).

Noun

سَرَطَان • (saraṭān) m (plural سَرَطَانَات (saraṭānāt) or سَرَاطِين (sarāṭīn))

  1. crab
    السَّرَطَان (as-saraṭān, “Cancer (sign of the zodiac)”)
    سَرَطَان بَحْرِيّ (saraṭān baḥriyy, “lobster”)
  2. (pathology, uncountable) cancer, carcinoma
  3. the fourth solar month (June to July, Saudi Arabia)

Declension
Declension of noun سَرَطَان (saraṭān)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَرَطَان
saraṭān		 السَّرَطَان
as-saraṭān		 سَرَطَان
saraṭān
Nominative سَرَطَانٌ
saraṭānun		 السَّرَطَانُ
as-saraṭānu		 سَرَطَانُ
saraṭānu
Accusative سَرَطَانًا
saraṭānan		 السَّرَطَانَ
as-saraṭāna		 سَرَطَانَ
saraṭāna
Genitive سَرَطَانٍ
saraṭānin		 السَّرَطَانِ
as-saraṭāni		 سَرَطَانِ
saraṭāni
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَرَطَانَيْن
saraṭānayn		 السَّرَطَانَيْن
as-saraṭānayn		 سَرَطَانَيْ
saraṭānay
Nominative سَرَطَانَانِ
saraṭānāni		 السَّرَطَانَانِ
as-saraṭānāni		 سَرَطَانَا
saraṭānā
Accusative سَرَطَانَيْنِ
saraṭānayni		 السَّرَطَانَيْنِ
as-saraṭānayni		 سَرَطَانَيْ
saraṭānay
Genitive سَرَطَانَيْنِ
saraṭānayni		 السَّرَطَانَيْنِ
as-saraṭānayni		 سَرَطَانَيْ
saraṭānay
Plural sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سَرَطَانَات‎; سَرَاطِين
saraṭānāt‎; sarāṭīn		 السَّرَطَانَات‎; السَّرَاطِين
as-saraṭānāt‎; as-sarāṭīn		 سَرَطَانَات‎; سَرَاطِين
saraṭānāt‎; sarāṭīn
Nominative سَرَطَانَاتٌ‎; سَرَاطِينُ
saraṭānātun‎; sarāṭīnu		 السَّرَطَانَاتُ‎; السَّرَاطِينُ
as-saraṭānātu‎; as-sarāṭīnu		 سَرَطَانَاتُ‎; سَرَاطِينُ
saraṭānātu‎; sarāṭīnu
Accusative سَرَطَانَاتٍ‎; سَرَاطِينَ
saraṭānātin‎; sarāṭīna		 السَّرَطَانَاتِ‎; السَّرَاطِينَ
as-saraṭānāti‎; as-sarāṭīna		 سَرَطَانَاتِ‎; سَرَاطِينَ
saraṭānāti‎; sarāṭīna
Genitive سَرَطَانَاتٍ‎; سَرَاطِينَ
saraṭānātin‎; sarāṭīna		 السَّرَطَانَاتِ‎; السَّرَاطِينِ
as-saraṭānāti‎; as-sarāṭīni		 سَرَطَانَاتِ‎; سَرَاطِينِ
saraṭānāti‎; sarāṭīni

Descendants
  • → Spanish: zaratán
  • → Middle Armenian: սարատան (saratan), սարատայն (saratayn), սարաթան (saratʻan)
  • → Persian: سرطان (saratân)
  • → Swahili: saratani

References

Pashto

Noun

سرطان • (saratā́n) m

  1. crawfish, crayfish, crab
  2. (Medicine) cancer, carcinoma
  3. (Astrology) Cancer (the constellation), saratan (fourth month of the solar calendar)

References
  • Pashtoon, Zeeya A. (2009) “سرطان”, in Pashto–English Dictionary, Hyattsville: Dunwoody Press
  • “سرطان”, in Pashto Dictionary, Peshawar, Pakistan: Pukhtoogle, 2020.

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɑ́ːn]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [sä.ɾä.t̪ʰɔ́ːn]

Readings
Classical reading? saratān
Dari reading? saratān
Iranian reading? saratân
Tajik reading? saraton

Noun
Dari سرطان
Iranian Persian
Tajik саратон

سرطان • (saratân)

  1. (pathology) cancer, carcinoma
  2. crab (crustaceans)

Derived terms

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sa.ra.tˤaːn/, [sˤɑ.rɑˈtˤɑːn]

Noun

سرطان • (saraṭān) m (plural سرطانات (saraṭānāt))

  1. crab
  2. (astrology) Cancer

See also
Signs of the Zodiac · الأبراج (il-ʔabrāj)
الحمل (il-ḥamal, “Aries”) التور (it-tōr, “Taurus”) الجوزاء (il-jōzāʔ, “Gemini”) السرطان (is-saraṭān, “Cancer”)
الأسد (il-ʔasad, “Leo”) العذراء (il-ʕazrāʔ, “Virgo”) الميزان (il-mīzān, “Libra”) العقرب (il-ʕaqrab, “Scorpio”)
القوس (il-ʔōs, “Sagittarius”) الجدي (il-jidi, “Capricorn”) الدلو (id-dalu, “Aquarius”) الحوت (il-ḥūt, “Pisces”)
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