जम्बुद्वीप

Sanskrit

Etymology

From जम्बु (jambu, “jambu tree”) +‎ द्वीप (dvīpa, “island”).[1]

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐm.bud.ʋiː.pɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /d͡ʑɐm.bud̪ˈʋiː.pɐ/

Proper noun

जम्बुद्वीप • (jambudvīpa) stem, m

(Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism) Jambudvipa: the physical world
Asia (a continent)
India (a region of Asia)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of जम्बुद्वीप (jambudvīpa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	जम्बुद्वीपः jambudvīpaḥ	जम्बुद्वीपौ / जम्बुद्वीपा¹ jambudvīpau / jambudvīpā¹	जम्बुद्वीपाः / जम्बुद्वीपासः¹ jambudvīpāḥ / jambudvīpāsaḥ¹
Vocative	जम्बुद्वीप jambudvīpa	जम्बुद्वीपौ / जम्बुद्वीपा¹ jambudvīpau / jambudvīpā¹	जम्बुद्वीपाः / जम्बुद्वीपासः¹ jambudvīpāḥ / jambudvīpāsaḥ¹
Accusative	जम्बुद्वीपम् jambudvīpam	जम्बुद्वीपौ / जम्बुद्वीपा¹ jambudvīpau / jambudvīpā¹	जम्बुद्वीपान् jambudvīpān
Instrumental	जम्बुद्वीपेन jambudvīpena	जम्बुद्वीपाभ्याम् jambudvīpābhyām	जम्बुद्वीपैः / जम्बुद्वीपेभिः¹ jambudvīpaiḥ / jambudvīpebhiḥ¹
Dative	जम्बुद्वीपाय jambudvīpāya	जम्बुद्वीपाभ्याम् jambudvīpābhyām	जम्बुद्वीपेभ्यः jambudvīpebhyaḥ
Ablative	जम्बुद्वीपात् jambudvīpāt	जम्बुद्वीपाभ्याम् jambudvīpābhyām	जम्बुद्वीपेभ्यः jambudvīpebhyaḥ
Genitive	जम्बुद्वीपस्य jambudvīpasya	जम्बुद्वीपयोः jambudvīpayoḥ	जम्बुद्वीपानाम् jambudvīpānām
Locative	जम्बुद्वीपे jambudvīpe	जम्बुद्वीपयोः jambudvīpayoḥ	जम्बुद्वीपेषु jambudvīpeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa)
- Gandhari: 𐨗𐨎𐨦𐨂𐨡𐨁𐨬 (jaṃbudiva)
  - → Khotanese: jaṃbutīvä
  - → Parthian: 𐫉𐫖𐫁𐫇𐫅𐫏𐫃 (zmbwdyg /⁠zambudīg⁠/)[2]
- Prakrit: 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀯 (jaṃbudīva), 𑀚𑀁𑀩𑀼𑀤𑀻𑀧 (jaṃbudīpa)
  - Helu Prakrit:
    - Dhivehi: ދަނބިދޫ (daᵐbidū) (obsolete 𑤞𑤢𑤳𑤝𑤳𑤩𑤳 (dhabuduvu /⁠daᵐbuduvu⁠/))[3]
      - → English: Dhanbidhoo, Dambidu
    - Sinhalese: දඹදිව (daᵐbadiwa)
Pali: jambudīpa
→ Chinese: 閻浮提／阎浮提 (yánfútí)
- → Japanese: 閻浮提 (えんぶだい, enbudai)
- → Korean: 염부제 (yeombuje)
- → Vietnamese: Diêm Phù Đề
→ Kannada: ಜಂಬುದ್ವೀಪ (jambudvīpa)
→ Thai: ชมพูทวีป (chom-puu-tá-wîip)
→ Tibetan: འཛམ་བུའི་གླིང་ ('dzam bu'i gling) (partial calque)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jambudvīpa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 283
Nicholas Sims-Williams (1983) “Indian elements in Parthian and Sogdian”, in K. Röhrborn, W. Veenker, editors, Sprachen des Buddhismus in Zentralasien (Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica; 16), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, page 134.
Sonja Fritz (2002) “Morphology”, in The Dhivehi language - a descriptive and historical grammar of Maldivian and its dialects (Beiträge zur Südasienforschung; 191), Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, page 60

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[1] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jambudvīpa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 283

[2] Nicholas Sims-Williams (1983) “Indian elements in Parthian and Sogdian”, in K. Röhrborn, W. Veenker, editors, Sprachen des Buddhismus in Zentralasien (Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica; 16), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, page 134.

[3] Sonja Fritz (2002) “Morphology”, in The Dhivehi language - a descriptive and historical grammar of Maldivian and its dialects (Beiträge zur Südasienforschung; 191), Würzburg: Ergon Verlag, page 60