< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gъbnǫti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúbtei + *-nǫti.

Verb

*gъbnǫ̀ti impf[1][2][3]

  1. (transitive) to bend, to fold, to dimple
  2. (reflexive) (+ *sę) to flex

Conjugation
Conjugation of *gъbnǫti, *gъbe, *gъbnetь (impf., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*gъbenьje *gъbnǫti *gъbnǫtъ *gъblъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *gъbenъ *gъbnomъ
Active *gъbъ *gъbny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *gъb(ox)ъ*gъbe*gъbe *gъbnǫ*gъbneši*gъbnetь
Dual *gъb(ox)ově*gъb(e/os)ta*gъb(e/os)te *gъbnevě*gъbneta*gъbnete
Plural *gъb(ox)omъ*gъb(e/os)te*gъbǫ, *gъbošę *gъbnemъ*gъbnete*gъbnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *gъbněaxъ*gъbněaše*gъbněaše —*gъbni*gъbni
Dual *gъbněaxově*gъbněašeta*gъbněašete *gъbněvě*gъbněta—
Plural *gъbněaxomъ*gъbněašete*gъbněaxǫ *gъbněmъ*gъbněte—
Conjugation of *gъbnǫti, *gъbnǫ, *gъbnetь (impf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*gъbnovenьje *gъbnǫti *gъbnǫtъ *gъbnǫlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *gъbnovenъ *gъbnomъ
Active *gъbnǫvъ *gъbny
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *gъbnǫxъ*gъbnǫ*gъbnǫ *gъbnǫ*gъbneši*gъbnetь
Dual *gъbnǫxově*gъbnǫsta*gъbnǫste *gъbnevě*gъbneta*gъbnete
Plural *gъbnǫxomъ*gъbnǫste*gъbnǫšę *gъbnemъ*gъbnete*gъbnǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *gъbněaxъ*gъbněaše*gъbněaše —*gъbni*gъbni
Dual *gъbněaxově*gъbněašeta*gъbněašete *gъbněvě*gъbněta—
Plural *gъbněaxomъ*gъbněašete*gъbněaxǫ *gъbněmъ*gъbněte—

Alternative forms

Derived terms
  • *nagъbnǫti
  • *ogъbnǫti
  • *orzgъbnǫti
  • *pergъbnǫti
  • *sъgъbnǫti
  • *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)
  • *gъnъka (“wrinkle, dimple”)
  • *gъbъkъ, *gъbъkavъ (“flexible”)
  • *gъbьnъ (“soft, liable”)
  • *negъbľь (“unsusceptible, not liable”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: гъбнѫти (gŭbnǫti), гънѫти (gŭnǫti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic: *гънѫти (*gŭnǫti)
      • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: съгънѫти (sŭgŭnǫti, “to fold”)
      • ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: разгънѫти (razgŭnǫti, “to unfold”)
    • Bulgarian: гъ́на (gǎ́na)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: га̀нути
      Latin script: gànuti
    • ⇒ Slovene: ganīti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: hnúti
    • Polish: giąć
    • Pomeranian:
      • Slovincian: gjyc
    • Slovak: hnúť, dialectal gebnúť
    • Sorbian:
      • Upper Sorbian: hnuć
      • Lower Sorbian: gnuś

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “гнуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gъbnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 188
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “гъ̀на¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 302

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*gъnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 197: “v. ‘bend’”
  2. Olander, Thomas (2001) “gъbnǫti (gъnoti): gъbnǫ gъbnetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b bøje (SA 211; PR 137)”
  3. Snoj, Marko (2016) “ganīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*gъ(b)nǫ̋ti”
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