hepo

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëpo, cognate with Estonian hobu, Karelian hepo／hebo, Veps hepo, Livonian ibbi, Votic õpo, Votic opo. Possibly a loan from a descendant of Proto-Indo-European *h₁éḱwos, such as Proto-Germanic *ehwaz.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈhepo/, [ˈhe̞po̞]
  • Rhymes: -epo
  • Syllabification(key): he‧po

Noun

hepo

  1. (poetic) horse
  2. (colloquial) heroin

Usage notes

Rare in general usage, although common in sayings, idioms and in metaphorical use.

Declension
Inflection of hepo (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
nominative hepo hevot
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepoa hepoja
illative hepoon hepoihin
singular plural
nominative hepo hevot
accusative nom. hepo hevot
gen. hevon
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepoa hepoja
inessive hevossa hevoissa
elative hevosta hevoista
illative hepoon hepoihin
adessive hevolla hevoilla
ablative hevolta hevoilta
allative hevolle hevoille
essive hepona hepoina
translative hevoksi hevoiksi
abessive hevotta hevoitta
instructive — hevoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of hepo (Kotus type 1*E/valo, p-v gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative heponi heponi
accusative nom. heponi heponi
gen. heponi
genitive heponi hepojeni
partitive hepoani hepojani
inessive hevossani hevoissani
elative hevostani hevoistani
illative hepooni hepoihini
adessive hevollani hevoillani
ablative hevoltani hevoiltani
allative hevolleni hevoilleni
essive heponani hepoinani
translative hevokseni hevoikseni
abessive hevottani hevoittani
instructive — —
comitative — hepoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative heposi heposi
accusative nom. heposi heposi
gen. heposi
genitive heposi hepojesi
partitive hepoasi hepojasi
inessive hevossasi hevoissasi
elative hevostasi hevoistasi
illative hepoosi hepoihisi
adessive hevollasi hevoillasi
ablative hevoltasi hevoiltasi
allative hevollesi hevoillesi
essive heponasi hepoinasi
translative hevoksesi hevoiksesi
abessive hevottasi hevoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative hepomme hepomme
accusative nom. hepomme hepomme
gen. hepomme
genitive hepomme hepojemme
partitive hepoamme hepojamme
inessive hevossamme hevoissamme
elative hevostamme hevoistamme
illative hepoomme hepoihimme
adessive hevollamme hevoillamme
ablative hevoltamme hevoiltamme
allative hevollemme hevoillemme
essive heponamme hepoinamme
translative hevoksemme hevoiksemme
abessive hevottamme hevoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative heponne heponne
accusative nom. heponne heponne
gen. heponne
genitive heponne hepojenne
partitive hepoanne hepojanne
inessive hevossanne hevoissanne
elative hevostanne hevoistanne
illative hepoonne hepoihinne
adessive hevollanne hevoillanne
ablative hevoltanne hevoiltanne
allative hevollenne hevoillenne
essive heponanne hepoinanne
translative hevoksenne hevoiksenne
abessive hevottanne hevoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — hepoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative heponsa heponsa
accusative nom. heponsa heponsa
gen. heponsa
genitive heponsa hepojensa
partitive hepoaan
hepoansa		 hepojaan
hepojansa
inessive hevossaan
hevossansa		 hevoissaan
hevoissansa
elative hevostaan
hevostansa		 hevoistaan
hevoistansa
illative hepoonsa hepoihinsa
adessive hevollaan
hevollansa		 hevoillaan
hevoillansa
ablative hevoltaan
hevoltansa		 hevoiltaan
hevoiltansa
allative hevolleen
hevollensa		 hevoilleen
hevoillensa
essive heponaan
heponansa		 hepoinaan
hepoinansa
translative hevokseen
hevoksensa		 hevoikseen
hevoiksensa
abessive hevottaan
hevottansa		 hevoittaan
hevoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — hepoineen
hepoinensa

Derived terms

References
  • Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading

Karelian
Regional variants of hepo
North Karelian
(Viena)		 hepo
South Karelian
(Tver)		 hebo

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *hëpo. Cognates include Finnish hepo and Veps hebo.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈhepo/
  • Hyphenation: he‧po

Noun

hepo (genitive hevon, partitive hepuo)

  1. (North Karelian) horse

Declension
Viena Karelian declension of hepo (type 1/tyttö, p-v gradation)
singular plural
nominative hepo hevot
genitive hevon hepojen
partitive hepuo hepoja
illative hepoh hepoloih
inessive hevošša hepoloissa
elative hevošta hepoloista
adessive hevolla hepoloilla
ablative hevolta hepoloilta
translative hevokši hepoloiksi
essive hepona hepoloina
comitative — hepoloineh
abessive hevotta hepoloitta
Possessive forms of hepo
1st person heponi
2nd person hepoš
3rd person hepoh
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References
  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “hepo”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
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