This is a limitation of PNG format itself, which uses unassociated (straight) Alpha format, which handles badly pixels that are both emissive and transparent: as the halo gets near to full transparency (on the outside of the star), its alpha values drop toward zero; in unassociated alpha format they are then multiplied with the RGB values, so the result gets black or nearly black as soon as the alpha value gets 0 or nearly 0.
To solve use associated (premultiplied) alpha formats, like EXR does.
See this answer (which is not Cycles related but general) for further infos: Why should I never ever use "Convert Premul" on Cycles renders?
Try to investigate more deeply on the associated/unassociated alpha problem, which is not trivial because both formats have their pro and cons.