In 2D, the axes are set up so that X is horizontal, which is very intuitive, but for the vertical axis you have 'Z', which is counter-intuitive for someone working in 2D space. (As explained in the comments, when working in 3D the Z-axis is naturally up-down).
Is there a way to change the default so that Y represents the vertical axis?

Numpad 1which you show in the question, Right view (Numpad 3) with Y to the left/right, Z up/down and X in/out. Then there is Top view (Numpad 7) with X left/right, Y up/down and Z in/out. And furthermore the opposite views by either pressingCtrlbefore the numbers or simply pressingNumpad 9for the opposite of the current view. So, do you just want a different view or change the internal coordinate system of Blender (the latter is not possible)? – Gordon Brinkmann Dec 16 '23 at 07:42