How do I know how much energy I need to obtain 20 g alumunium from alumina with 5 V?
I calculated the quantity of electricity is 2.22 F.
Any help appreciated!
How do I know how much energy I need to obtain 20 g alumunium from alumina with 5 V?
I calculated the quantity of electricity is 2.22 F.
Any help appreciated!
Required energy $E$ can be found as a product between voltage $U,$ current $I$ and time $t$:
$$E = UIt\label{eqn:1}\tag{1}$$
Unknown multiplier $It$ can be found using united Faraday law:
$$m = \frac{MIt}{zF}\quad\implies\quad It = \frac{mzF}{M}\label{eqn:2}\tag{2}$$
where $m$ is the mass of the substance liberated at the electrode; $M$ is the molar mass; $z$ is the number of electrons transferred per ion; $F$ is Faraday constant. Considering aluminium is produced via Hall–Héroult process or similar, at the cathode the following reaction takes place:
$$\ce{Al^3+ + 3 e− → Al}$$
and $z = 3.$ Plugging \eqref{eqn:2} into \eqref{eqn:1} allows to finally find the energy:
$$ \begin{align} E &= \frac{mzUF}{M}\\ &= \frac{\pu{20 g} × 3 × \pu{5 V} × \pu{96485.33 C mol-1}}{\pu{26.98 g mol-1}}\\ &= \pu{1.07 MJ}\tag{3} \end{align} $$