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I am certain that the reason involves intermolecular forces, but since both $Xe$ and $Ne$ are noble and non-polar gases, shouldn't these forces have a much smaller effect or negligible on boiling point?

Aryaman
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The main interaction between noble gases is Dispersion. (inert gas that's where the name comes from) Dispersion is larger in heavier atoms. (Considerable larger, 18+18+8 more electrons difference is massive)

an example: When Interaction energy passes zero point and thermal energy you can have the solid phase. This is why you will not have solid helium.