5

Suppose the attacker knows $X, Z$ such that

$H(X || Y) = Z$

If bit-length(Y) < 60 then a brute force attack is possible.

What if bit-length(Z) = 256 (such as in SHA-256), bit-length(X) = 128, or bit-length(Y) = 256? Are there any published paper with results/experiments with SHA-256/512 in full or reduced rounds? Are there specific known attack techniques?

otus
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    I'm pretty confident there is nothing out there allowing a preimage attack of this kind on SHA-256 with full rounds. – fgrieu Feb 23 '13 at 16:46
  • Regarding the brute force attack, the bitcoin network could brute-force more than 60 bit quite fast (today - the question is 4 years old): Assuming $5 \cdot 10^{18}$ hashes per second, it would take the bitcoin network $\approx 0.23$ sec for a full search over $60$ bit. – tylo Jun 19 '17 at 09:01

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