At a place I'm staying, there is a borewell whose design and construction I ignore and I have no means to figure out (total depth, cap etc.)
The entire house runs on a limited electrical supply from solar panels, therefore, the setup is NOT designed to run automatically (no floatswitch). Thus, every week or two, the pump is manually turned on in order to fill a couple of elevated tanks.
- The pump's inbuilt check-valve is not working properly.
- The pump is 1 metre long.
- The pump's outlet port is 2 metres below the water level.
- The pump's outlet port is 9 metres from ground level, connected to a PVC pipe.
Last few weeks when trying to perform the tank filling operation, the pump shows a near 80% failure to start pumping while the motor can clearly be heard rotating from above. One detail worthy of note is the owner of the house was always trying --futilely-- to "fill the water pipe" from above in the false belief the failing check-valve made it necessary to "prime" the pump.
After extracting the pump and testing it within a filled water tank, the pump was working fine, and majestically pumping water out of its 9m long pipe. It had a 100% success rate at starting and pumping.
However, in this "experimental" setup, it was easy to induce an airlock condition, where the pump would rotate but not move water at all by intentionally making sure the pump had air inside while a column of water was sitting above the unreliable but slow draining check valve.
Now, I utterly and thoroughly fail to imagine where air could come from while sitting 2m. below the water surface. But I'm not a physicist or engineer so I'm not sure if there could actually be a certain phenomenon, unknown to me, that could cause air entering the impeller section of the pump --except, perhaps, assuming the well's water level could drift below the pump's intake level--.
Assuming that I'm correct in assuming no air could enter the pump 2m. underwater, and once it is discarded or confirmed a possible water level drift, I suppose the well should be checked for dirt, leaves etc. that might be clogging the pump's intake. No?