I’m learning about German cases and this specifically regards the nominative case, but I don’t understand why you make the change for example from “ Das ist der Baum” to “Das ist ein Baum”. Why can’t it stay “der Baum”, why do you have to change it to “ein Baum”?
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8Do you know about the difference between definite and indefinite articles? This is not a German specific matter. – infinitezero Sep 29 '20 at 16:05
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1It also has nothing to do with cases. – RHa Sep 30 '20 at 11:58
1 Answers
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It is very simple:
- Das ist der Baum = This is the tree.
- Das ist ein Baum = This is a tree.
In 1 you are talking about a specific tree (maybe the big chestnut tree right in your grandpa's garden.)
In 2 you are talking abut just any tree.
Btw. in both sentences der Baum and ein Baum are in nominative case. It's not the case that is different, it is the definiteness.
- definite: (a specific tree)
- Nominativ: Das ist der Baum.
- Genitiv: Der Gärtner nahm sich des Baumes an. Das Laub des Baumes ist grün. (Also allowed: des Baums)
- Dativ: Das heiße Wetter schadet dem Baum.
- Akkusativ: Ich sehe den Baum.
- indefinite: (just any tree)
- Nominativ: Das ist ein Baum.
- Genitiv: Der Gärtner nahm sich eines Baumes an. Das Laub eines Baumes ist grün.
- Dativ: Das heiße Wetter schadet einem Baum.
- Akkusativ: Ich sehe einen Baum.
Translations:
Nominative: This is the/a tree.
Genitive: The gardener took care of the/a tree. The leaves of the/a tree are green.
Dative: The hot weather damages the/a tree.
Accusative: I see the/a tree.
Hubert Schölnast
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