I am trying to solve the problems about finding $X+Y+Z$ where $X, Y, Z$ are uniformly distributed random variables, each in the interval of $[0,1]$. (please reference: Finding the distribution of the sum of three independent uniform random variables)
I understand most of the derivations, but the only part I do not understand is from the point where $0 \leq s \leq 1,$ and $w-1 \leq s \leq w$.
The solutions that I have seen jump directly to divide $w$ into three different situations:
- $w < 0$ and $w >3$
- $1<w < 2$
- $2 < w < 3$
Would anyone please show me how I can know the ranges of values to consider by looking at the two inequalities? $$(0 \leq s \leq 1,\text{ and }w-1 \leq s \leq w)$$
To clarify my confusion, I started with s = 0, and I will get 0 < = w <= 1.
Then, I let s = 1, and I get 1 < = w <= 2.
Comparing with the solution, the interval of [0,1] is not considered. Also, I have no way of getting the interval of (-infinity, 0) and (3, infinity) since I have no way of knowing 3 is a value that I should consider.
What have I missed in my analysis?