I have obtained the Dilog function in some output and was just wondering if anyone knew how to interpret its meaning. The mathematica notes tell me that
$\text{DiLog}(x,\alpha)$ gives the dilogarithm function, which for real $x>1$ evaluates on the side of the branch prescribed by $$\text{lim}_{\epsilon \rightarrow 0^+} \text{Li}_2(x+i\alpha\epsilon)$$
I'm just wondering how to proceed with this prescription - should I first check whether my $\alpha$ is positive or negative in which case the expression becomes $$\text{lim}_{\epsilon \rightarrow 0^+} \text{Li}_2(x\pm i\epsilon),$$ with $\pm$ for positive/negative $\alpha$ respectively. I believe it's ok to absorb $\alpha$ into $\epsilon$ here as the latter is infinitesimal, but please correct if I'm mistaken in any of my thoughts, I don't have much familiarity with polylogs. I believe I can then write $$\text{lim}_{\epsilon \rightarrow 0^+} \text{Li}_2(x \pm i\epsilon) = -\left(\text{Li}_2(x) \mp i\pi \ln x \right)$$ I've seen this last display in some literature but I have not yet understood it's derivation. Mathematica tells me (from the above) that it holds only for $x>1$ which might not be the case for me, so I'm not sure either how to deal with the case $x>0,x<1$.
Thanks for any comments!
With[{x = -3}, {Limit[PolyLog[2, x + I ε], ε -> 0, Direction -> -1], Limit[PolyLog[2, x - I ε], ε -> 0, Direction -> -1]}]– J. M.'s missing motivation Oct 25 '17 at 10:53