It usually uses adaptive sampling to reduce the error estimate to an acceptable level. You might want to review the introductions in this set of tutorials: http://reference.wolfram.com/language/tutorial/NIntegrateOverview.html. You'll see NIntegrate is quite complicated. After reading the introductions, you might dip into subsections that interest you. For instance, the usual strategy chosen is called "GlobalAdaptive".
– Michael E2Apr 23 '20 at 20:03
NIntegrateis quite complicated. After reading the introductions, you might dip into subsections that interest you. For instance, the usual strategy chosen is called"GlobalAdaptive". – Michael E2 Apr 23 '20 at 20:03