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I have been trying to solve the following sine Gordon equation

$\partial_{x,x} u(x,t) - \partial_{t,t} u(x,t) - \sin (u(x,t)) - \alpha \partial_t u(x,t) + \gamma = 0$,

for $x \in [0,15]$ and $t \in [0,20]$ with the boundary conditions

$\partial_x u(x,t)\vert_{x=0} = h, \hspace{2cm} \partial_x u(x,t)\vert_{x=15} = h + a_{\mathrm{ext}} \sin(\omega_{\mathrm{ext}}t), $

and the initial conditions

$\partial_t u(x,t)\vert_{t=0} = 0, \hspace{2cm} u(x,t)\vert_{t=0} = h x$.

Here is my Mathematica code

const = {al -> 0.08, \[Gamma] -> 0.01, h -> 6,  ax -> 2.5, \[Omega]x -> 1.4};

NDSolveValue[({D[u[x, t], x, x] - D[u[x, t], t, t] - Sin[u[x, t]] - al D[u[x, t], t] + [Gamma] == 0,

(D[u[x, t], x] /. {x -> 0}) == h, (D[u[x, t], x] /. {x -> 15}) == h + ax Sin[[Omega]x t], u[x, 0] == h*x, (D[u[x, t], t] /. {t -> 0}) == 0} /.const), u, {x, 0, 15}, {t, 0, 20},

Method -> {"PDEDiscretization" -> {"MethodOfLines", "SpatialDiscretization" -> {"TensorProductGrid", "MinPoints" -> 200}}}]

The code works and gives a solution, but there appears an error message like this

NDSolveValue::ibcinc: Warning: boundary and initial conditions are inconsistent.

From the second initial condition we have $\partial_x u(x,0) = h$, which are consistent with the two boundary conditions at $t=0$. So I don't understand why the above error occurs.

I have read many posts related to this problem. One of the solutions is to increase the "MinPoints" in the "Method". I tried so, but it still did not not get rid of the error.

Any advice is very much appreciated.

Dat.

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    D[h + ax Sin[\[Omega]x t], t] /. t -> 0 gives ax \[Omega]x, which is against (D[u[x, t], t] /. {t -> 0}) == 0. – xzczd May 25 '21 at 07:27
  • @xzczd: Thanks. Can you suggest me how to fix this? – Dat Thanh Le May 25 '21 at 07:59
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    You can of course omit the inconsistency by cleverly modify the b.c. at $t=0$, but it's just not necessary. In this case the ibcinc is merely a warning. (You can check the residual error of the solution. ) – xzczd May 25 '21 at 09:41

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