Let's have a look at the category
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:British_politicians
Theresa May is not in it. So let's see:
- Theresa May is in Category:20th-century_British_women_politicians
- which is in Category:20th-century_British_politicians
- which is in Category:British_politicians_by_century
- which indeed is in Category:British_politicians.
So those categories seem to be inclusive: the items of a subcategory are thought to be in the parent category as well.
However, then we have the following problem:
- The 2019_Conservative_Party_leadership_election is in the category Category:2019_Conservative_Party_(UK)_leadership_election
- which is in Category:Theresa_May
- which also is in Category:20th-century_British_women_politicians
Uh, so this means that the 2019 Conservative Party leadership election is a British politician too?
So there seem to be two kinds of "subcategory relations":
- this category is a subcategory, all its items belong to the parent category (Theresa May --> British politician)
- this category is just related to that parent category (2019 election --> Theresa May)
Is that just messy, or am I missing something to distinguish between the two types?