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I have seen many questions about this, but haven't really found the answer I was looking for.

I was caught by an exercise that said:

Consider two charges: $q$ (a test charge) and $Q$, at $\vec{R}$ and $\vec{r}$, respectively.Assuming that the force $Q$ exerts on $q$ is:

\begin{equation} \vec{F}_{Q \rightarrow q} = \frac{1}{4 \pi \epsilon_0} \frac {q Q}{|\vec{r} - \vec{R}|^{2+\Delta}} \left[ \frac{\vec{r} - \vec{R}}{|\vec{r} - \vec{R}|} \right] \end{equation}

If $\Delta \neq 0$, find the expression that allows you to obtain the photon's mass from $\Delta$.

I have seen some answers using Yukawa's potential, and also an article about it (that my teacher mentioned), but I'd like to know a way (if there is) to obtain the photon's mass without using Yukawa's potential or the Proca equation.

matrp
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    Related: http://physics.stackexchange.com/q/22010/2451 – Qmechanic Mar 22 '17 at 22:02
  • @Qmechanic I have seen this answer and the articles cited, but I have not seen anything on them about the photon mass. Maybe I should take a closer look, but at first sight, it hasn't helped very much. Thank you, though. – matrp Mar 23 '17 at 00:22
  • I do not know of something other than Proca; depending on your level of mathematical expertise this might be a useful starting point: https://arxiv.org/pdf/0809.1003.pdf – ZeroTheHero Mar 23 '17 at 01:05

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