I am still confused with whether, for example, the electron of carbon is exactly identical to that of hydrogen.
How can the scientist confirm this?
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You separate the electrons from both types of atoms and compare. No difference has ever been found. You can also transfer electrons from hydrogen to carbon and see if you get a different atom. That also doesn't happen. – CuriousOne Dec 23 '15 at 07:20
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As far as anyone can tell, all electrons in the universe are indistinguishable. – user235504 Dec 23 '15 at 10:40
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I placed an answer here: http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/11826/are-all-electrons-identical/225571#225571 – HolgerFiedler Dec 23 '15 at 14:38