Is this XKCD https://what-if.xkcd.com/145/ saying that a surface is only heated by the component of the rays that are perpendicular to the surface?
Conservation of étendue:
Is this XKCD https://what-if.xkcd.com/145/ saying that a surface is only heated by the component of the rays that are perpendicular to the surface?
Conservation of étendue:
The claim is
... you can't smoosh light beams together without also making them less parallel, which means you can't aim them at a faraway spot.
I don't see where it says "a surface is only heated by the component of the rays that are perpendicular to the surface".
The diagram you show is a counter to the previous one, where the light all comes out in one direction
Conservation of étendue says you can't do this.