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First of all: can I use Eсли without бы or бы without Eсли?

As I see here, the first and the second start with Eсли бы but in the second part of the sentence just бы remains:

Eсли бы я был богат, я бы не работал.

Если бы я изучал медицину, я был бы врач.

So, the difference is:

  • in the first sentence: бы я был
  • and in the second one: я был бы

why there is another structure?

In the third I can not understand why there is a genitive or accusative case for "me" instead of я:

Если меня здесь не было, я бы не хотел изучать русский язык.

Also in the first part there is no бы.

can you help me?

mario
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  • if you can read Russian, this article might be of interest to you: http://elementy.ru/lib/431049 – Quassnoi Jun 25 '15 at 11:12
  • "Если меня здесь не было, я бы не хотел изучать русский язык." - this is a wrong sentence, there should be бы here. – Anixx Jun 25 '15 at 12:02

3 Answers3

2

First of all: can I use Eсли without бы or бы without Eсли?

бы is a way to express Subjunctive mood in Russian. Verb forms are translated into English with would / could when бы is used.

So to answer your question: yes, you can but that changes the meaning. Everything with бы is not real.

why there is another structure?

This looks like a word order question. Why если бы я был and not если я был бы? First of all there are things you have to take for granted when learning a language.

But the explanation can be like this: the sooner you introduce бы the better because it changes everything: real to unreal.

Plus бы is so flexible that it can be practically anywhere in a sentence not to mention that it can be repeated many times in one sentence (in colloquial speech):

Я бы хотел бы ...

Если меня здесь не было, я бы не хотел изучать русский язык.

This is not correct (grammatically and stylistically). To fix grammar:

Если бы меня здесь не было, я бы не хотел изучать русский язык.

Basically it means: If I were not here I wouldn't want to learn Russian. To fix both:

Если бы я сюда не приехал, я бы не стал изучать русский язык.

why there is a genitive or accusative case for "me" instead of я

There is a difference between personal and impersonal verbs. Compare:

Я не здесь. Я не был здесь. - personal

Меня здесь нет. Меня здесь не было. - impersonal

So I is not in Nominative (я) but in Genitive (меня) because I is not a subject but an object in these sentences.

  • so, if I use just бы is not real, but if I add also Если would be real? And if I use just Если? when I can use just one or another, or when I should use both?
  • so you added бы but why меня and not Я? and it's a genitive or accusative case?
  • thanks

    – mario Jun 25 '15 at 09:51
  • Если станешь богат, то не надо будет работать. - If you get rich, you won't have to work. - Is it real or not real? If you got rich, you wouldn't have to work. - Is it more unreal than the previous example? Both are not real but the second case adds more doubt. 2. impersonal sentence. you can make it personal: Если бы я был не здесь, я бы не хотел изучать русский язык.
  • – Vitaly Sazanovich Jun 25 '15 at 10:02