I have logged into my Google Account in Chrome, however I cannot seem to get rid of the annoying yellow warning triangle seen in the screenshots below.
How can I get rid of that?

I have logged into my Google Account in Chrome, however I cannot seem to get rid of the annoying yellow warning triangle seen in the screenshots below.
How can I get rid of that?

The yellow warning triangle indicates an error syncing your Google account with Chrome. Before Chrome introduced the new profile menu this was indicated by the Chrome menu button changing to orange. As exampled in a separate post https://superuser.com/a/866980/226999, the indicator was integrated into the new profile menu.
A common reason for this error is due to changing your Google password and can be fixed by clicking the warning icon and signing into Chrome again. More steps to fix this are on the Chrome help page "Troubleshooting sync issues."
There must have been a password change or update... sign-out and sign back in..problem solved. As long as you are signing in with what the computer says is your new password....if not, you have a BIGGER problem then a little yellow triangle on your hands..
The authentication seems a bit flakey, but I hit Disconnect your Google Account a few times, logged in, logged out and back in and that seemed to remove the warning icon. Hope this helps someone.
The first step is to open the Google Chrome TaskManager. Then end any extensions running (memory was at 2 million plus usage just from extensions...very strange) which should allow you to then sign back in your account.