It might be easier than you think, but it's hard to say since I don't really know the contents of the table. Anyway, this is a little different from my ad hoc comment, but the principle is the same:
\documentclass[landscape]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx,booktabs,longtable}
\newcommand{\sameresearch}{%
\rotatebox[origin = r]{90}{\parbox[c]{3.5cm}{\hfill\bfs{Same Research Area}\\ \null\hfill (Yes/No)}}}%
\newcommand{\supportstatus}{%
\rotatebox[origin = r]{90}{\parbox[c]{4cm}{\hfill\bfs{Support Status}\\ (Requested/Current/Past)}}}%
\newcommand{\bfs}[1]{\textsf{\textbf{#1}}}%
\begin{document}
\begin{longtable}{%
@{}p{4cm} | p{1cm} | p{1cm} | p{3cm} |
p{1cm} | p{1cm} | p{1cm} | p{1cm} | p{1cm}}
\toprule
\bfs{Description}\par
(all named investigators on any Proposal or grant/ project/
fellowship in which a participant is/was involved, project title,
source of support, scheme and round) &
\sameresearch &
\supportstatus &
\bfs{Proposal/Project ID} (if applicable) &
\bfs{2012} (\$'000) &
\bfs{2013} (\$'000) &
\bfs{2014} (\$'000) &
\bfs{2015} (\$'000) &
\bfs{2016} (\$'000) \\
\midrule
&&&&&&&&\\
&&&&&&&&\\
\bottomrule
\end{longtable}
\end{document}
I should probably mention that the author of booktabs, and much of the TeX world, will tell you to avoid vertical rules like the plague. I would add in a much softer tone that it is bad (English) style to write 'grant/ project/ fellowship': the slash should not have space on one of its sides, though it may take a space on both of its sides if one or more of the 'halves' is more than one words long --- e.g., some might think it 'bad / not correct' practice.
\usepackage{graphicx} \newcommand{\rotatecol}[1]{\makebox[1em][l]{\rotatebox{90}{#1}}}; then in your table:\rotatecol{Same Research Area}and\rotatecol{Support Status}, etc. (Sometimes I like to use an angle of 60 degrees for things like these.) Also: the1emwill not be enough if your rotated columns need two lines of text. – jon Mar 15 '13 at 03:45<{\end{minipage}\end{turn}}% } then by doing \multicolumn{1}{P{90}{4.0cm}@{}}{ \textbf{ Same Research Area} (Yes/No) } but it "covers" up the vertical lines which is no good :(
– user2172065 Mar 15 '13 at 04:50