The easiest to do this is to add the property nodes later to a named node.
The solution consists of the keys
property direction,
properties,
and the styles
every property and
every property edge.
After the tree has been built, the properties are used via late options.
Code
\documentclass[tikz,convert=false]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{trees,positioning}
\makeatletter
\tikzset{
property direction/.initial=mid right,
properties/.style={
append after command={
\pgfextra\let\qrr@tikzlastnode\tikzlastnode\endpgfextra
\foreach \pgf@temp[count=\qrr@tikz@fig@prop from 0] in {#1} {
\pgfextra
\ifnum\qrr@tikz@fig@prop=0
\let\qrr@tikz@fig@suffix\pgfutil@empty
\else
\edef\qrr@tikz@fig@suffix{-\number\numexpr\qrr@tikz@fig@prop-1\relax}%
\fi
\endpgfextra
node [
every property/.try,
\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/property direction}=of \qrr@tikzlastnode\qrr@tikz@fig@suffix,
name=\qrr@tikzlastnode-\qrr@tikz@fig@prop] {\pgf@temp}
edge[every property edge/.try] (\qrr@tikzlastnode\qrr@tikz@fig@suffix)
}
}
}
}
\makeatother
\tikzset{
every property/.style={
thin,
node distance=.25cm,
},
every property edge/.style={densely dotted,-}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
every node/.append style={draw=black,thick,anchor=west,text height=\heightof{A}, text depth=+0pt},
selected/.style={draw=red,fill=red!30},
optional/.style={dashed,fill=gray!50},
grow via three points={one child at (0.5,-0.7) and two children at (0.5,-0.7) and (0.5,-1.4)},
edge from parent path={(\tikzparentnode.south) |- (\tikzchildnode.west)}
]
\node (texmf) {texmf}
child { node (doc) {doc} }
child { node {fonts} }
child { node {source}}
child { node [selected] {tex}
child { node {generic}}
child { node [optional] {latex}}
child { node {plain}}
}
child [missing] {}
child [missing] {}
child [missing] {}
child {node {texdoc}};
\path [late options={name=doc,properties={a,b,c}}];
\path [late options={name=texmf-1,properties={d,e,f}}];
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
Output
