Annoying space before the first item in an enumeration which starts a theorem

Question

Consider the following example:

\documentclass{article}
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\begin{document}
\begin{Theorem}
On the other hand, this one has only one claim.
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
\begin{enumerate}
\item First claim
\item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\end{document}

Typesetting it results in:

Notice there is extra horizontal space before the first item in the list of the second theorem.

Is there a sensible way to get rid of that?

Ideally, the solution would work with amsthm, thmtools, enumitem.

N.B.: this is related to Is it possible to skip the first line in a theorem environment? but not quite the same.

Answer 1

Two variants of a solution using the enumitem package. In the first case, two enumerate environments were used; the first one uses leftamargin=* to suppress the undesired horizontal space; the second enumerate uses resume to keep the numbering but preserves the standard value for \leftmargin; the vertical spacing between the two environments was also corrected. In the second case, the option leftmargin=* was also used, but this time only one enumerate environment was used so the horizontal space will be removed for all the items.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{enumitem}

\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}

\begin{document}

\begin{Theorem}
   On the other hand, this one has only one claim.
\end{Theorem}

\begin{Theorem}
  \begin{enumerate}[leftmargin=*]
    \item First claim
  \end{enumerate}\vspace*{-2\partopsep}
  \begin{enumerate}[resume]
    \item Second claim
  \end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}

\begin{Theorem}
   On the other hand, this one has only one claim.
\end{Theorem}

\begin{Theorem}
  \begin{enumerate}[leftmargin=*]
    \item First claim
    \item Second claim
  \end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}

\end{document}

The result:

Answer 2

You can use a \@labels trick (as in Phil Hirschhorn's answer to “Avoiding a line break at the beginning of an enumerate”). Here's the result:

There are two ways you can use this. The first is by manually putting a \thmenumhspace after \begin{enumerate} inside a theorem:

\documentclass{article}
%\usepackage{amsthm,enumitem,thmtools}% works with or without
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\makeatletter
\newlength{\@thlabel@width}%
\newcommand{\thmenumhspace}{\settowidth{\@thlabel@width}{\itshape1.}\sbox{\@labels}{\unhbox\@labels\hspace{\dimexpr-\leftmargin+\labelsep+\@thlabel@width-\itemindent}}}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{Theorem}
1. First claim 2. Second claim.
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
\begin{enumerate}\thmenumhspace
\item First claim
\item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\end{document}

With a little more work, this can be automated, hopefully without any side effects (this time, you need amsthm for it to work correctly):

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsthm,enumitem,thmtools}% needs amsthm
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\thmenumhspace}[1]{\sbox{\@labels}{\unhbox\@labels\hskip#1}}
\let\original@item\item
\newlength{\@thlabel@width}%
\newcommand{\RedefineItem}{%
  \settowidth{\@thlabel@width}{\itshape1.}%
  \def\item{\let\item\original@item\thmenumhspace{\dimexpr-\leftmargin+\labelsep+\@thlabel@width-\itemindent}\original@item}
}
\let\original@Theorem\Theorem
\def\Theorem{
   \@ifnextchar[{\Theorem@Opt}
                {\Theorem@NoOpt}
}
\def\Theorem@Opt[#1]{%
   \@ifnextchar\begin{\RedefineItem\original@Theorem[#1]}%
                     {\original@Theorem[#1]}%
}
\def\Theorem@NoOpt{%
   \@ifnextchar\begin{\RedefineItem\original@Theorem}%
                     {\original@Theorem}%
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{Theorem}
1. First claim. 2. Second claim.
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
\begin{enumerate}
  \item First claim
  \item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
This one has two claims.
\begin{enumerate}
  \item First claim
  \item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}[Title]
\begin{enumerate}
  \item First claim
  \item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}[Title]
This one has two claims.
\begin{enumerate}
  \item First claim
  \item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\end{document}

Answer 3

You can hack a bit the first \item as follows:

\documentclass{article}
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\newcommand*\fixitem {\item[]%
  \refstepcounter{enumi}\hskip-\leftmargin\labelenumi\hskip\labelsep}
\begin{document}
\begin{Theorem}
On the other hand, this one has only one claim.
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
\begin{enumerate}
\fixitem First claim
\item Second claim
\end{enumerate}
\end{Theorem}
\end{document}

and the result is:

Answer 4

I found this trick that might help:

\documentclass{article}
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\begin{document}
\begin{Theorem}
On the other hand, this one has only one claim.
\end{Theorem}
\begin{Theorem}
\mbox{}
\begin{itemize}    
\item[(i)] item one.    
\item[(ii)] item two.    
\item[(iii)]  item three.    
\end{itemize}
\end{Theorem}
\end{document}

Answer 5

This is a non-answer whose purpose is to point out that some of the profered answers really gives correct marginal indentation of the enumerate items within a theorem.

Although I show the source and output from just one of the answers' methods,others give similar, undesirable indentation.

\documentclass{article}
%\usepackage{amsthm,thmtools}% works with or without
\usepackage{enumitem}
\newcommand{\sometext}{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Etiam lobortis facilisis sem. Nullam nec mi et neque pharetra sollicitudin.}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\begin{document}
\begin{theorem}
  This is normal enumeration inside a theorem, which should be matched when no text precedes the enumeration:
  \begin{enumerate}
    \item \sometext
    \item \sometext
  \end{enumerate} 
\end{theorem}
Margination of the first item of next theorem does \emph{not} agree with the ``normal'' margination of the preceding Theorem 1.
\begin{theorem}\label{thm-2}
  \begin{enumerate}[leftmargin=*]
    \item \sometext
  \end{enumerate}\vspace*{-2\partopsep}
  \begin{enumerate}[resume]
    \item \sometext
  \end{enumerate}
\end{theorem}
Margination of \emph{neither} item of the next theorem agrees with the ``normal'' margination of Theorem 1.
\begin{theorem}
  \begin{enumerate}[leftmargin=*]
    \item \sometext
    \item \sometext
  \end{enumerate}
\end{theorem}
A theorem with no enumeration inside:
\begin{theorem}
   \sometext
\end{theorem}
\end{document}

Now look at the items' indentation in the output, where the theorems that start directly with an enumerate do not have the same indentation as for a theorem that has text before the enumerate:

The question becomes: When an enumerate immediate follows \begin{theorem}, ss there some way of:

• eliminating the extra horizontal space between "Theorem" and the number of the first item; and yet
• keep the same "normal" indentation of items as in a Theorem having some text before the enumerate?

avoiding the extra horizontal space between "Theorem" and the number of the first item