Without knowing the class you're using, here's an attempt.
\documentclass[a4paper]{book}
\usepackage[pass,showframe]{geometry} % showframe is just for the example
\usepackage{kantlipsum} % just for the example
\begin{document}
\frontmatter
\begin{titlepage}
\newgeometry{margin=3cm}
\centering
\vspace*{\stretch{2}}
\Large The Title of my Thesis
\vspace{\stretch{1}}
\normalsize The duration: 12 weeks
\vspace{\stretch{0.5}}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
Submission date & xx.yy.zzzz \\[2ex]
Student's name & Name \\[2ex]
From & Place
\end{tabular}
\vspace{\stretch{3}}
\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}{@{}l@{\extracolsep{\fill}}l@{}}
My name & My professor's name \\[2ex]
& My supervisor's name
\end{tabular*}
\vspace{\stretch{2}}
\end{titlepage}
\restoregeometry
\cleardoublepage
\tableofcontents
\mainmatter
\chapter{Introduction}
\kant
\end{document}
The important option for geometry is pass, whereas showframe is just for showing that the cover page is centered on the page. If you already use geometry, just set its options and remove pass.
A bird's eye view

The title page

titlingpackage. That makes this stuff pretty easy and is well-documented. It does depend on your class etc., though, so if you need further help, please post a Minimum Working Example showing what you've tried and your basic document set up. – cfr May 15 '14 at 01:20titlingis a useful package, its documentation is a very hard read to novice users of LaTeX. – Sverre May 15 '14 at 05:52