I have this image that I want to add in my latex file:

Here is my MWE:
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsthm}
\usepackage{natbib}
\bibpunct{(}{)}{;}{;}{,}{,}
\usepackage{xr-hyper}
\usepackage[
colorlinks=true,
citecolor=blue,
urlcolor=blue,
linkcolor=blue
]{hyperref}
\usepackage{bm}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage{ amssymb }
\pagestyle{plain}
\setlength{\parskip}{\baselineskip}
\setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
\allowdisplaybreaks[4]
% Commenting/debugging
\let\IG\iffalse
\let\ENDIG\fi
%% Shortcuts
\newcommand{\td}[2]{\dfrac{d #1}{d #2}}
\newcommand{\std}[2]{\dfrac{d^2 #1}{d {#2}^2}}
\newcommand{\ctd}[3]{\dfrac{d^2 #1}{d #2 d #3}}
\newcommand{\pd}[2]{\dfrac{\partial #1}{\partial #2}}
\newcommand{\spd}[2]{\dfrac{\partial^2 #1}{\partial {#2}^2}}
\newcommand{\cpd}[3]{\dfrac{\partial^2 #1}{\partial #2 \partial #3}}
\newcommand{\pdi}[2]{\partial #1/\partial #2}
\newcommand{\LR}{\Leftrightarrow}
\newcommand{\Lg}{\mathcal{L}}
\newcommand{\half}{\tfrac{1}{2}}
\newcommand{\eqp}{\phantom{=}}
\newcommand{\eqs}{\buildrel s \over =}
\begin{document}
\end{document}
I also want to label the figure.

\includegraphics[options]{file.ext}for insert that, but with the following structure:\begin{figure}[htbp] \begin{center} \includegraphics[options]{file.ext} \end{center} \caption[Short caption if needed]{Caption here} \label{fig:figurename} \end{figure}. Please read How to import graphics for understand it better. – Aradnix Sep 29 '14 at 05:24\centeringinstead of thecenterenvironment (Should I use center or centering for figures and tables?)). – Torbjørn T. Sep 29 '14 at 06:23\centeringrather than thecenterenvironment, which adds spurious vertical spacing. – Bernard Sep 29 '14 at 08:13\includegraphicscommand is the very basic one -- so this was the main reason. Another minor reason is that the source code provided is useless for resolving this kind of question, because there are only listed packages and newcommands. – Václav Pavlík Sep 29 '14 at 15:47centerenvironment, I usecenteringwhen I have many figures in a document, I understand that consumes less memory. – Aradnix Sep 30 '14 at 02:52