empty ’thebibliography' environment

Question

I get this error and I really don't know how to handle it. I saw similar questions here and I've tried the solutions, but it didn't work.

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt,fleqn]{book} %{scrartcl}

\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}
\usepackage[ngerman, english]{babel}
\usepackage{latexsym}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{amsbsy}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage{dsfont}
\usepackage{enumerate}
\usepackage{caption}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{placeins}
\usepackage[nottoc,numbib]{tocbibind}
\usepackage{natbib}
\usepackage[most]{tcolorbox}
\usepackage{subcaption}
\usepackage{url}

\begin{document}    

\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
\bibliography{Bibliografy}

\end{document}

Bib-file:

@article{wikipedia1,
title = "Scripting language",
author = "[1]",
url = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_language"
}

ERROR - message:

Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 902--904

[47] (/tmp/.thesis.tex.bbl [48]
Chapter 5.

Package natbib Warning: Empty `thebibliography' environment on input line 8.

What should I do? Thanks!

Welcome to TeX.SX! does this help? Question mark instead of citation number — barbara beeton, Oct 08 '14 at 17:50
What does Bibliografy.bib contain? Also, insert \usepackage after \documentclass and you're short a \begin{document}. In fact, while we're on the topic of sorting out the details, could you please provide us with a minimal working example (MWE) - something that we can copy-and-paste-and-compile and see exactly what your problem is. We don't have Bibliografy.bib, nor do we know which compile sequence you're following... — Werner, Oct 08 '14 at 18:05
Do you have any \cite commands in your document? Did you run BibTeX? — Mico, Oct 08 '14 at 18:10
@Werner I've just edited my post, hopfuly is enough or I could send my .tex and .bib files — Paul, Oct 08 '14 at 19:23
@Mico I don't have any \cite commands, but my .bib file was compiled withoud errors. — Paul, Oct 08 '14 at 19:23
If I use this .bib file and the code from above, in conjunction with \cite{wikipedia1}, I get an error message about an incompatibility with author-year citation style — , Oct 08 '14 at 19:45

Mico · Accepted Answer · 2017-06-08T13:11:03.023

If you don't provide any \cite commands, then BibTeX (and LaTeX) won't know which entries in Bibliografy.bib to typeset: All of them? Just a few of them -- and, if so, which ones?

The consequence of having a \bibliography directive but no \cite commands is the warning -- not an error, by the way, "just" a warning -- about

Empty thebibliography environment on input line <line number>

or its natbib-based equivalent, viz.,

Package natbib Warning: Empty `thebibliography' environment on input line <line number>

The upshot: Do provide \cite commands!

By the way, if you want all entries in the bib file to be typeset but, for some reason, do not want to \cite the entries explicitly, you could type

\nocite{*}

prior to executing \bibliography{Bibliografy}.

enter image description here

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article} %{scrartcl}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{Bibliografy.bib}
@misc{wikipedia1,
  title = "Scripting language",
  author = "Wikipedia",
  url = "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripting_language",
  year = 2014,
}
\end{filecontents*}

\usepackage[numbers]{natbib}
\usepackage{url}

\begin{document}    
\cite{wikipedia1}
\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
\bibliography{Bibliografy}
\end{document}

empty ’thebibliography' environment

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