Running to Form This Table Gives Error

Question

I appreciate any helps on debugging this code below. I am having difficulty making this table (10-columns), where: arrays: (2:end,1)=3*multirow(3); Other arrays are normal.

Code:

\documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{makecell, booktabs, multirow}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\bfseries}
\renewcommand\cellalign{lc}
\newcommand{\otoprule}{\midrule[\heavyrulewidth]}

\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}
\begin{document}
\title{Hi}
\maketitle
\IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle


\section{Introduction}



\begin{table}[hb]
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\caption{How To Tune it}
\label{tab:4}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{@{}c >{$}c<{$} c c c c @{\hskip1.5em}S[table-format=1.4]S[table-format=2.1]@{}}
\toprule
    \thead{Step Change} & \thead{Type of}  & \thead{Active Power}        & \thead{Active Power}          & \thead{Active Power}         & \thead{Active Power}                                  &\thead{ $V_{DC}$ }    & \thead{ $V_{DC}$ }     & \thead{ $V_{DC}$ }    & \thead{ $V_{DC}$ }   \\


      \thead{Case}       &  \thead{Controller} & \thead{First Peak (P_{max})}  &  \thead{Steady-State (P_{ss})}  &  \thead{Overshoot (M_p) \%}  & \thead{Settling-    Time (t_s) $[sec]$}                  & \thead{First Peak (\mathit{V_{DC}^{max}})}  &  \thead{Steady-State ($\mathit{V_{DC}^{ss}}$)}  &  \thead{           Overshoot (M_p) \%}  & \thead{Settling-    Time (t_s) $[sec]$ }                   \\

\otoprule
\multirowcell{3}{$1$} &    \thead{Manual}    &   0.7880     &   0.4778    &    64.92   &    2.988   &   1.0591   &     1.0001    &    5.9    &    3.6128     \\
           & \thead{\SI{1}{}^{st} $ PI1$} &   0.6487        &   0.4779    &    35.74   &    0.368   &   1.0132   &     1.0000      &    1.32   &    0.3664s    \\
           & \thead{\SI{2}{}^{nd} $ PI2$} &   0.6489        &   0.4782    &    35.7    &    0.368   &   1.0132   &     1.0000      &    1.32   &      0.3664     \\                                 
\midrule
\multirowcell{3}{$2$} &    \thead{Manual}    &   0.0735     &   0.2295    &   -67.97   &    0.3248  &   0.9685   &     1.0000   &    -3.15   &    1.9600     \\
           & \thead{\SI{1}{}^{st} $ PI1$} &   0.0961        &   0.2295    &   -58.13     &    0.1200  &   0.9919   &       1.0000     &    -0.81   &      0.1984     \\
           & \thead{\SI{2}{}^{nd} $ PI2$} &   0.0932        &   0.2295      &   -59.39   &    0.1184  &   0.9917     &     1.0000     &    -0.83   &      0.1984     \\
\midrule
\multirowcell{3}{$3$} &    \thead{Manual}    &   1.0442     &  0.7331     &    42.44   &    3.7984  &   1.0617   &   1.0000     &     6.18    &   8.3168     \\
           & \thead{\SI{1}{}^{st} $ PI1$} &   0.9721        &  0.7319       &    32.82   &    0.5248  &   1.0165     &   1.0000     &     1.65    &   0.4144     \\
           & \thead{\SI{2}{}^{nd} $ PI2$} &   0.9725        &  0.7313       &    32.98   &    0.5200  &   1.0165   &     1.0000     &       1.65    &     0.4112     \\                                         

\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

EDITED: what is the code to make it look alike below, where dir in the pic is same as Case No. here; and each "w" is similar to each 4 column here:

@Torbjørn T.: Edited 2: I realized a problem. the margin (before tables) is very large considering the documentclass it should be produced in. How can I solve it?

Answer 1

In S columns you need to wrap the \thead{...} in a pair of braces, i.e. {\thead{...}}, to hide it from the parser. Then you need to add two more columns, as you haven't specified enough. This means the table becomes far too wide though, so you either have to make it a landscape table, or do something like in the code below, where an explanation of the column headings is added to the caption. (I didn't complete that though.)

To get the "headings" you describe in the edit, use a combination of \multicolumn and \cmidrule.

Also, it's still wider than one column, so I changed to table*.

\documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}

\usepackage{siunitx}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx,lipsum}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{makecell, booktabs}
\renewcommand\theadfont{\bfseries}
\renewcommand\cellalign{lc}
\newcommand{\otoprule}{\midrule[\heavyrulewidth]}

\hyphenation{op-tical net-works semi-conduc-tor}
\begin{document}
\author{Dude}
\title{Hi}
\maketitle
\IEEEpeerreviewmaketitle

\section{t}
\lipsum


\begin{table*}[hb]
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.3}
\caption{How To Tune it. $P_{max}$ is First Peak; $PP_{ss}$ is Steady-State; etc.}
\label{tab:4}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{c c *{2}{S[table-format=1.4]} S[table-format=-2.2] *{3}{S[table-format=1.4]} S[table-format=-1.2] S[table-format=1.4]}
\toprule

 & & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Some text} & \multicolumn{4}{c}{Some text} \\ \cmidrule(lr){3-6} \cmidrule(lr){7-10}
 \thead{Case} &  {\thead{Controller}} & {\thead{$P_{\mathrm{max}}$}}  &  {\thead{$P_{\mathrm{ss}}$}}  &  {\thead{$M_p$\%}}  & {\thead{$t_s$}}  & {\thead{$V_{\mathit{DC}}^{\mathrm{max}}$}}  &  {\thead{${V_{\mathit{DC}}^{\mathrm{ss}}}$}}  &  {\thead{$M_p$\%}}  & {\thead{$t_s$}} \\

\otoprule
$\text{case}=1$ \\ % I would rather say just Case 1, but that's up to you of course
           & \thead{Manual}    &   0.7880     &   0.4778    &    64.92   &    2.988   &   1.0591   &     1.0001    &    5.9    &    3.6128     \\
           & \thead{\num{1}\textsuperscript{st} PI1} &   0.6487     &   0.4779    &    35.74   &    0.368   &   1.0132   &     1.0000      &    1.32   &    0.3664s    \\
           & \thead{\num{2}\textsuperscript{nd} PI2} &   0.6489     &   0.4782    &    35.7    &    0.368   &   1.0132   &     1.0000      &    1.32   &      0.3664     \\                                 
%\midrule % there were no midrule in the picture 
$\text{case}=2$ \\
           & \thead{Manual}    &   0.0735     &   0.2295    &   -67.97   &    0.3248  &   0.9685   &     1.0000   &    -3.15   &    1.9600     \\
           & \thead{\num{1}\textsuperscript{st} PI1} &   0.0961     &   0.2295    &   -58.13     &    0.1200  &   0.9919   &       1.0000     &    -0.81   &      0.1984     \\
           & \thead{\num{2}\textsuperscript{nd} PI2} &   0.0932     &   0.2295      &   -59.39   &    0.1184  &   0.9917     &     1.0000     &    -0.83   &      0.1984     \\
%\midrule
$\text{case}=2$ \\
           & \thead{Manual}    &   1.0442     &  0.7331     &    42.44   &    3.7984  &   1.0617   &   1.0000     &     6.18    &   8.3168     \\
           & \thead{\num{1}\textsuperscript{st} PI1} &   0.9721     &  0.7319       &    32.82   &    0.5248  &   1.0165     &   1.0000     &     1.65    &   0.4144     \\
           & \thead{\num{2}\textsuperscript{nd} PI2} &   0.9725     &  0.7313       &    32.98   &    0.5200  &   1.0165   &     1.0000     &       1.65    &     0.4112     \\                                         

\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table*}

\end{document}