I can offer you an \undefleipzig so you are able to reset an abbreviation with \newleipzig:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[nomain,nostyles]{glossaries}
\usepackage{glossary-inline}
\usepackage{leipzig}
\newcommand{\undefleipzig}[1]{\csundef{glo@\glsdetoklabel{#1}@name}}
\undefleipzig{erg}
\newleipzig{erg}{erg}{nokaku}
\makeglossaries
\begin{document}
test
{\Erg}
\printglossary[style=inline]
\end{document}
The problem is that \newleipzig does \newacronym, when glossaries is loaded. So when one tries to redefine an existing abbreviation, the protection mechanism of glossaries enters into action. With the \undefleipzig trick, this mechanism is disabled for the particular entry we want to kill.
A possible definition of \renewleipzig to supplement the existing \newleipzig could be
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[nomain,nostyles]{glossaries}
%\usepackage{glossary-inline}
\usepackage{leipzig}
\makeatletter
\newcommand{\renewleipzig}[2][]{%
\if@leipzig@defined{#2}
{%
\renew@leipzig{#1}{#2}%
}%
{%
\PackageError{leipzig}
{Abbreviation `#2' undefined}
{No `#2` abbreviation is defined, use \string\newleipzig}%
\@gobbletwo
}%
}
\def\if@leipzig@defined#1{%
\uppercase\expandafter{\expandafter\ifcsname\@car#1\@nil}\@cdr#1\@nil\endcsname
\expandafter\@firstoftwo
\else
\expandafter\@secondoftwo
\fi
}
\def\renew@leipzig#1#2{%
\ifcsname glo@\glsdetoklabel{#2}@name\endcsname
\csundef{glo@\glsdetoklabel{#2}@name}
\fi
\if\relax\detokenize{#2}\relax
\expandafter\@firstoftwo
\else
\expandafter\@secondoftwo
\fi
{\newleipzig{#2}}{\newleipzig[#1]{#2}}%
}
\makeatother
\renewleipzig{erg}{erg}{nokaku}
\newleipzig{aaa}{bbb}{ccc}
\renewleipzig[first=UUU]{aaa}{bbb}{ccc}
\makeglossaries
\begin{document}
test
\Erg{}
\Aaa
\Aaa
\printglossary
\end{document}
I'm not sufficiently expert in leipzig to understand if the result is as expected.
leipzig.sty,\newleipzig{erg}{nok}{nokaku}(or whatever) should do. – egreg Nov 08 '15 at 16:14glossariesinternals, because\newleipzigexecutes\newacronymand so trying to redefine an abbreviations conflicts with the already existing entry. – egreg Nov 09 '15 at 07:54