It is probably more of a tikz question by I will ask it nevertheless: how do you make something like this picture in latex?
I need to control which ones are linked together and then draw pictures of collections of such sets of points each picture connected to the others by arrows...
This is the solution following the comment of Tom Bombadil:
\documentclass[tikz,border=10]{standalone}
\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main}
% taken from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/356877/42803
\def\drawpolygon#1,#2,#3;{
\begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
\begin{scope}[transparency group,opacity=0.5]
\filldraw[#1,line width=15,join=round] (#2.center) foreach \A in {#3}{--(\A.center)}--cycle;
\end{scope}
\end{pgfonlayer}
}
\tikzset{point/.style={circle,fill, minimum size=9pt,
inner sep=0pt, outer sep=0pt}}
\newcommand{\drawpoints}[2]{
\begin{scope}[shift={(#1)}]
\foreach \a in {1,...,#2}
\coordinate (\a) at (90+\a*360/#2:1) {};
\foreach \a in {1,...,#2}
\node[point] at (\a) {};
\end{scope}
}
\newcommand{\drawsubset}[4]{
\begin{scope}[shift={(#1)}]
\foreach \a in {1,...,#2}
\coordinate (\a) at (90+\a*360/#2:1) {};
\drawpolygon #4,#3;
\end{scope}
}
\newcommand{\drawsubseta}[4]{
\drawsubset{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
\drawpoints{#1}{#2}
}
\newcommand{\drawsubsetb}[6]{
\drawsubset{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}
\drawsubset{#1}{#2}{#5}{#6}
\drawpoints{#1}{#2}
}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\drawsubseta{0,0}{5}{1,2,3,4,5}{red}
\drawsubseta{4,0}{5}{1,3,5}{green}
\drawsubsetb{8,0}{5}{1,2,4}{green}{3,5}{magenta}
\drawsubsetb{12,0}{5}{1,3}{brown}{2,5}{orange}
\drawsubseta{16,0}{5}{1,2,4,5}{red}
\drawpoints{0,4}{5}
\drawsubsetb{4,4}{5}{3,4,5}{green}{1,2}{magenta}
\drawsubseta{8,4}{5}{1,2,3,4}{red}
\drawsubseta{12,4}{5}{1,2,5}{green}
\drawsubsetb{16,4}{5}{1,2}{brown}{3,5}{orange}
\drawsubseta{0,-4}{7}{1,2,5}{orange}
\drawsubsetb{4,-4}{6}{3,4,5}{green}{1,2,6}{magenta}
\drawsubsetb{8,-4}{7}{1,3,4,5}{red}{2,6}{green}
\drawsubseta{12,-4}{4}{1,2,3,4}{green}
\drawsubsetb{16,-4}{7}{1,2,5}{brown}{3,4,6,7}{orange}
\node[outer sep = 1.2cm,circle] (a) at (4,-4) {};
\node[outer sep = 1.2cm,circle] (b) at (16,4) {};
\draw[line width=2pt,->] (a) to[out=20,in=-160] (b);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
A \tikzRegConHull that creates a set of dots nodes which gets connected according to a list of list.
Each entry in the , list is a hull where the corners are separated by ;.
\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\newcommand*\tikzrchset{\pgfqkeys{/tikz/regular convex hull}}
\tikzrchset{
/tikz/rch/.code=\tikzrchset{#1},
dots/.initial=5, dot diameter/.initial=10pt, padding/.initial=5pt,
radius/.initial=1cm, hull opacity/.initial=.5, phase/.initial=0,
dot/.style={shape=circle, fill=black, inner sep=+0pt,
minimum size=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/dot diameter}},
hull colors/.style={/utils/exec=\def\pgfmathcounter{0},
/utils/rch/.code={\edef\pgfmathcounter{\pgfinteval{\pgfmathcounter+1}}%
\tikzrchset{hull \pgfmathcounter/.append style={##1}}},
/utils/rch/.list={#1}},
hull/.style={draw, fill, line join=round, line cap=round,
line width=(\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/dot diameter})
+(\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/padding})}}
\DeclareDocumentCommand{\tikzrchElemSplit}{>{\SplitList{;}}m}{\tikzrchElemStart#1\relax}
\def\tikzrchElemStart#1#2\relax {\tikzset{insert path=(#1.center)}%
\ProcessList{#2}{\tikzrchElems}\tikzset{insert path=--cycle}}
\newcommand*\tikzrchElems[1]{\tikzset{insert path=--(#1.center)}}
\newcommand*{\tikzRegConHull}[2][]{
\path\pgfextra{\tikzrchset{#1}}
foreach \rchDOTi in {1,...,\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/dots}}{
node[regular convex hull/dot,regular convex hull/dot \rchDOTi/.try]
(rch \rchDOTi) at ({\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/phase}
+360/(\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/dots})*\rchDOTi}:
\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/radius}){}}
foreach[/tikz/behind path, /tikz/name prefix=rch\space, count=\rchELEMi,
/tikz/execute at begin to={\scope[transparency group,
opacity=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/regular convex hull/hull opacity}]},
/tikz/execute at end to=\endscope] \rchELEM in {#2} {
(0,0) edge[regular convex hull/hull, regular convex hull/hull \rchELEMi/.try,
name prefix=rch\space, to path=%
\pgfextra{\expandafter\tikzrchElemSplit\expandafter{\rchELEM}}](0,0)};}
\begin{document}
\newcommand*\makefives[1]{\tikzRegConHull{#1}\pgfmatrixnextcell\tikzRegConHull{#1}
\pgfmatrixnextcell\tikzRegConHull{#1}\pgfmatrixnextcell\tikzRegConHull{#1}
\pgfmatrixnextcell\tikzRegConHull{#1}\pgfmatrixendrow}
\tikz\matrix[
row sep=7mm, column sep=7mm,
every cell/.append code=\tikzrchset{phase=18-72*(\the\pgfmatrixcurrentcolumn-1)},
hull colors/.style args={#1 -> #2}{
/utils/temp/.style={/tikz/row ##1/.append code=\tikzrchset{hull colors={#2}}},
/utils/temp/.list={#1}},
hull colors/.list={{2, 3} -> purple, {4, 5} -> green,
{6, 7, 8} -> {orange, brown!75!black}, 9 -> black,
{10, 11} -> {purple, green}, 12 -> red!70!black}]{
& & \tikzRegConHull{} \\
\makefives{1;5} \makefives{2;4}
\makefives{1;2;4} \makefives{3;4;5}
\makefives{1;5, 2;3} \makefives{2;5, 1;3} \makefives{3;5, 1;2}
\makefives{1;2;3;4}
\makefives{1;2, 3;4;5} \makefives{3;5, 1;2;4}
& & \tikzRegConHull{1;2;3;4;5} \\};
\end{document}
rounded corneroption. For connecting these with arrows, you can draw an invisible node around each picture with the fit library. – Tom Bombadil Dec 16 '15 at 07:52