Here are two ways -- unfortunately the enumitem package still does not support reversed enumerate lists, otherwise, this starred item would be very easy then with enumitem.
The first one checks whether the enumi counter has an odd value and uses \textasteriskcentered then (Note: odd, since the counter has not been increased at the stage of evaluation)
The other way uses a conditional \ifstarreditem and use it {\starreditemtrue \item foo} within a {...} pair, in order to limit the range of the setting of \starreditemtrue.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{etaremune}
\let\origlabelenumi\labelenumi % For latter purposes
\newif\ifstarreditem
\begin{document}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\bfseries\ifodd\value{enumi}\textasteriskcentered\fi\theenumi.}
\begin{etaremune}
\item One
\item Two
\item Three
\item Four
\end{etaremune}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\bfseries\ifstarreditem\textasteriskcentered\fi\theenumi.}
\starreditemfalse
\begin{etaremune}
\item One
{\starreditemtrue \item Two}
\item Three
\item Four
\end{etaremune}
\end{document}
