Can't get pdflatex to work with Minion Pro on Linux

Question

I successfully installed Minion Pro on OS X a couple of years back using the FontPro tool, but I'm unable to get it to work this time around on Linux (elementary OS / Ubuntu). I installed the latest TeXLive 2016 version from the website a few weeks back, so no Ubuntu repositories were used. Everything has been working perfectly, apart from being unable to get Minion Pro to work.

Here's what I did. I downloaded FontPro, opened a command prompt pointing to its directory, and followed the below instructions to install the font (taken from here and cfr's answer here):

mkdir otf
cp /<my-adobe-installation-directory>/MinionPro*.otf otf
./scripts/makeall MinionPro
sudo ./scripts/install $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)
sudo mkdir -p $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)/web2c
sudo echo Map MinionPro.map >> $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)/web2c/updmap.cfg
sudo mktexlsr $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)
sudo updmap-sys

Apart from being unable to echo Map MinionPro.map to the updmap.cfg file which I fixed by generating the file and typing the text manually, I couldn't see any errors during installation. As far as I can tell, the font was installed successfully (at least in terms of having the right files at the right places):

[...]/FontPro-master$ ls $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)/fonts/type1/adobe/MinionPro/
MinionPro-BoldIt.pfb  MinionPro-Bold.pfb  MinionPro-It.pfb  MinionPro-Regular.pfb
[...]/FontPro-master$ cat $(kpsewhich -var TEXMFLOCAL)/web2c/updmap.cfg
Map MinionPro.map

After some general browsing around to search for a solution, I did the following:

[...]/FontPro-master$ kpsewhich pdftex.map
/usr/local/texlive/2016/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map

After opening the pdftex.map file listed above, I couldn't find any reference to Minion Pro in it. I'm assuming that's where the issue lies, but I don't know how to fix it. And in case this helps, I don't believe I ever ran updmap, getnonfreefonts or getnonfreefonts-sys.

This is the error I get when trying to generate a minimal document that uses \usepackage{MinionPro}:

!pdfTeX error: pdflatex (file MinionPro-Regular-osf-ot1): Font MinionPro-Regula
r-osf-ot1 at 545 not found
 ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!

Finally, this is the output I get when running sudo updmap-sys:

[...]/FontPro-master$ sudo updmap-sys 
updmap [WARNING]: resetting $HOME value (was /home/louis) to root's actual home (/root).
updmap will read the following updmap.cfg files (in precedence order):
  /etc/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
  /usr/local/share/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
  /usr/share/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
  /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/web2c/updmap.cfg
updmap may write changes to the following updmap.cfg file:
  /etc/texmf/web2c/updmap.cfg
dvips output dir: "/var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap"
pdftex output dir: "/var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap"
dvipdfmx output dir: "/var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/dvipdfmx/updmap"

updmap is creating new map files
using the following configuration:
  LW35 font names                  : URWkb (default)
  prefer outlines                  : true (default)
  texhash enabled                  : true
  download standard fonts (dvips)  : true (default)
  download standard fonts (pdftex) : true (default)
  kanjiEmbed replacement string    : noEmbed (default)
  kanjiVariant replacement string  :  (default)
  create a mapfile for pxdvi       : false (default)

Scanning for LW35 support files  [  3 files]
Scanning for MixedMap entries    [  6 files]
Scanning for KanjiMap entries    [  0 files]
Scanning for Map entries         [  5 files]

Generating output for dvipdfmx...
Generating output for ps2pk...
Generating output for dvips...
Generating output for pdftex...

Files generated:
  /var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/dvips/updmap:
       15758 2016-10-15 19:05:12 builtin35.map
       21231 2016-10-15 19:05:12 download35.map
      159562 2016-10-15 19:05:12 psfonts_pk.map
      163413 2016-10-15 19:05:12 psfonts_t1.map
      163408 2016-10-15 19:05:12 ps2pk.map
          14 2016-10-15 19:05:12 psfonts.map -> psfonts_t1.map
  /var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap:
      163415 2016-10-15 19:05:12 pdftex_dl14.map
      161750 2016-10-15 19:05:12 pdftex_ndl14.map
          15 2016-10-15 19:05:12 pdftex.map -> pdftex_dl14.map
  /var/lib/texmf/fonts/map/dvipdfmx/updmap:
         281 2016-10-15 19:05:12 kanjix.map

Transcript written on "/var/lib/texmf/web2c/updmap.log".
updmap: Updating ls-R files.

MWE

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{MinionPro}

\begin{document}
This is a test document.
\end{document}