psfrag in combination with epstopdf not working (MikTeX)

Question

I am trying to use psfrag to alter axes labels of plots from Mathematica. Unfortunately eps files are not supported by pdflatex, so they are converted using epstopdf. To get the epstopdf working, I altered the initialisation file of pdflatex to enable write18 following the instructions of this post, it works fine now.

Now to get psfrag working together with epstopdf, I included auto-pst-pdf. So my includes look like:

\usepackage{graphicx, psfrag}
\usepackage[outdir=./]{epstopdf}
\usepackage{auto-pst-pdf}

My Latex file compiles without any errors, the log files are empty. But maybe I should mention that I use \graphicspath{{img/}} to alter the standard graphics path.

The Latex code I use to include my figures goes something like this:

\begin{figure}
    \psfrag{xlabel}{Frequency}
    \psfrag{ylabel}{Acceleration}
    \includegraphics{somefigure.eps}
\end{figure}

I am using MikTeX and edit the files with TeXworks. What am I doing wrong?

EDIT: I didn't know that I wasn't providing enough information about my problem, so here is the test file I set up, along with the test eps file:

\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{psfrag}
%\usepackage{auto-pst-pdf}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure}
    \psfrag{xlabel}{Frequency ($Hz$)}
    \psfrag{ylabel}{Acceleration ($\frac{m}{s^2}$)}
    \includegraphics{testfigure.eps} 
\caption{Test}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Here is the Google Drive Link to my eps file.

All files are in the same directory, I don't get any errors or warnings.

EDIT2: Like Ulrike Fischer suggested, I now ran the test document with pdflatex and included auto-pst-pdf this time. Here are the results:

The only errors in the log files I found were these from TeXworks itself (in the logfile with the name "texworks", all other log files were either empty or had old logs in it.):

2017-03-27 14:08:04,220+0200 INFO  texworks - starting: MiKTeX TeXworks 0.6.1 (MiKTeX 2.9.6210 64-bit)
2017-03-27 14:08:04,220+0200 INFO  texworks -   argument(s): C:\Users\########\Google Drive\Uni\Grenoble\Bachelorarbeit\LIVE\test.tex

The errors I get in TeXworks are:

So there is obviously something wrong with epstopdf, but why?

EDIT3: Ulrike Fischer suggested copying the test file to a local folder (or a folder not watched by Google Drive) and trying running pdflatex --shell-escape test in a shell. Now I get proper help from the errors thrown:

Package pst-pdf Warning: File `test-pics.pdf' not found.
(pst-pdf)                Use the following commands to create it:
(pst-pdf)                ----------------------------------------------------
(pst-pdf)                latex test.tex
(pst-pdf)                dvips -o test-pics.ps test.dvi
(pst-pdf)                ps2pdf test-pics.ps
(pst-pdf)                ----------------------------------------------------

Using first latex and then dvips followed by converting the post script file into a pdf works. I can write a script that automates this, but isn't there a more easy fix? And I don't know enough about LaTeX to know that this won't mess with any of my packages I now use?