after \end{titlepage} I put \chapter*{LEMBAR PENGESAHAN} but the result is different from the next chapter's header space.
\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{report}
\usepackage[
left=3cm,
top=3cm,
right=2cm,
bottom=2cm,
includehead,
includefoot,
bindingoffset=5mm
]{geometry}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[english,bahasai]{babel} % <---- main language last
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\titleformat{\section}
{\normalfont\fontsize{16}{16}\bfseries}
{\thesection}
{1em}
{}
\usepackage{graphicx}
%\usepackage[colorinlistoftodos]{todonotes}
%\usepackage{showframe}
\usepackage[linktocpage]{hyperref}
\hypersetup{
colorlinks,
citecolor=black,
filecolor=black,
linkcolor=black,
urlcolor=black
}
\makeatletter
\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
%%%%\vspace*{50\p@}% %%% removed!
{\parindent \z@ \centering \normalfont
\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\Large\bfseries \MakeUppercase{\@chapapp}\space \thechapter % <--- uppercase
\par\nobreak
\vskip 0\p@
\fi
\interlinepenalty\@M
\LARGE \bfseries #1\par\nobreak
\vskip 30\p@
}}
\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
%%%%%\vspace*{50\p@}% %%% removed!
{\parindent \z@ \centering
\normalfont
\interlinepenalty\@M
\LARGE \bfseries #1\par\nobreak
\vskip 30\p@
}}
\makeatother
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\pagestyle{fancy}
\rhead{\includegraphics[height=1cm]{LOGO_P.png}}
\lhead{\includegraphics[height=1cm]{LOGO_I.png}}
\begin{document}
\begin{titlepage}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=5cm]{LOGO_I.PNG}\\[0.25cm]
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\[1.75cm]
\textbf{xxx xxx \\[4cm]}
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\[4cm]
\textbf{Diajukan Oleh:}\\
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\[4cm]
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\
\textbf{xxx xxx}\\
\textbf{xxx xxx}
\end{center}
\end{titlepage}
\pagenumbering{roman}
\chapter*{LEMBAR PENGESAHAN}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
I declare that..
\chapter*{ABSTRAK}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
I want to thank...
\chapter*{KATA PENGANTAR}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
I want to thank...
\tableofcontents
\thispagestyle{fancy}
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\pagebreak
\chapter{PENDAHULUAN}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
\lipsum[1-15]
\section{LATAR BELAKANG}
\subsection{Latar Belakang}
\lipsum[16-30]
\chapter{Landasan Teori}
\thispagestyle{fancy}
\lipsum[31-45]
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.25\textwidth]{LOGO_I.png}
\caption{a nice plot}
\label{fig:mesh1}
\end{figure}
As you can see in the figure \ref{fig:mesh1}, the
function grows near 0. Also, in the page \pageref{fig:mesh1}
is the same example.
\end{document}


Package Fancyhdr Warning: \headheight is too small (12.0pt): Make it at least 32.80278pt. We now make it that large for the rest of the document. This may cause the page layout to be inconsistent, however." and increaseheadheightusinggeometry. – Schweinebacke May 27 '17 at 11:36