You could use an empty p{} column in the middle like this:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\label{my-label}
\begin{tabular}{lp{7cm}l}
Name & &Local address \\
Affliation & &Phone number \\
Address & &Email
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
or like this:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\label{my-label}
\begin{tabular}{lp{7cm}r}
Name & &Local address \\
Affliation & &Phone number \\
Address & &Email
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
If you want a semi-automatic calculation of the fill between you can use this:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\label{my-label}
\newsavebox{\sboxl}
\savebox{\sboxl}{Local address}
\newsavebox{\sboxr}
\savebox{\sboxr}{Affiliation}
\xdef\myfill{\dimexpr\linewidth-\wd\sboxl-\wd\sboxr-4\columnsep\relax}
\begin{tabular}{lp{\myfill}r}
Name & &Local address \\
Affliation & &Phone number \\
Address & &Email
\end{tabular}
\end{table}
\end{document}
I have used the lines with the maximum length and 4 \columnseps to calculate the length for more columns or different values you have to edit.
With tabularx package:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\label{my-label}
\begin{tabularx}{\linewidth}{lXr}
Name & &Local address \\
Affliation & &Phone number \\
Address & &Email
\end{tabularx}
\end{table}
\end{document}
\begin{tabular}{lr}right-aligns second column – koleygr Sep 10 '17 at 02:38