Here tikz is overkill. The bar graph can be realized with \rule. The xcolor package is needed to get the lighter color. The command \skillevel adapts automatically to the current font height (with \settoheight) and the current color. The argument is the number of bars with the current text color. The optional argument can be used change how much the color is lightened (0 - 100, the smaller number, the lighter the color).
\documentclass[10pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\newdimen\slheight
\newcommand{\skillevel}[2][20]{%
\begingroup
\settoheight{\slheight}{M}%
\ifnum#2=0\color{.!#1}\fi
\rule{.1em}{.33333\slheight}\hspace{.1em}%
\ifnum#2=1\color{.!#1}\fi
\rule{.1em}{.66667\slheight}\hspace{.1em}%
\ifnum#2=2\color{.!#1}\fi
\rule{.1em}{\slheight}%
\endgroup
}
\begin{document}
\textcolor{blue}{\textsf{\tiny\skillevel{0} \LaTeX}}
\textcolor{red}{\textsf{\skillevel{1} \LaTeX}}
\textcolor{teal}{\textsf{\skillevel{2} \LaTeX}}
\textcolor{green}{\textsf{\Large\skillevel{3} \LaTeX}}
\textcolor{cyan}{\textsf{\Huge\skillevel{2} \LaTeX}}
\end{document}

\ruleunder the row. – J. Javier Gálvez Sep 16 '17 at 08:03\rulecommand have already that parameter:\rule[raise]{width}{thickness}. I added it to the code above and it works like a charm. – J. Javier Gálvez Sep 16 '17 at 08:17