Assuming you really can't re-organize the math material and hence are forced to display a single equation which (a) spans 3 pages and (b) takes a single equation number, I suggest you proceed as follows:
Use an align* environment, not a nested equation/split environment.
Provide the instruction \allowdisplaybreaks to, you guessed it, allow page breaks in a long display-math environment.
Use a \tag directive to place the equation number in a suitable location. Assuming this equation number should be 1 larger than the preceding equation number, use a \refstepcounter{equation} instruction as well.
The following code is (hopefully) suggestive of how you may wish to proceed.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath} % for 'align*' env. and `\tag` macro
\allowdisplaybreaks % allow page breaks in display-math material
\newcommand\showeqnum{% % handy macro to increment eq. num and display it
\refstepcounter{equation}
\tag{\theequation}}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
A
&= B \\
&= C \\
&= D \\
&= E \\
&= F \\
&= G \\
&= H \showeqnum \label{eq:3pager}
\end{align*}
A cross-reference to equation \eqref{eq:3pager}.
\end{document}
\allowdisplaybreaks? Are you aware of this post? – Dec 23 '17 at 15:17align*,gather*,multline*… environment?\displaybreaksworks fine with them. Especially thealign*environment can be used as a substitute for a combination ofequation*andsplitif necessary. – Franck Pastor Dec 23 '17 at 15:30equationand, inside equation, usealigned. It will save you typing\notagfor three pages. – Bernard Dec 23 '17 at 15:55aligned, since the contents of this environment can't be split between two pages. Same forsplit,gatheredandalignedat. – Franck Pastor Dec 23 '17 at 16:42