fill color after batch draw

Question

I draw some blocks with below code:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h!]
    \centering
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[text centered]
        \foreach \x in {-8, -7.4, -6.8, -6.2}
        \foreach \y in {1.8, 1.2, ..., -2.4}
            \draw (\x,\y) rectangle (\x+0.5,\y+0.5);

    \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
\end{figure}
\end{document}

I can fill different color to each of them when I draw them one by one, but how can I fill after I draw them with this batch？ For example, I only want to fill some of them with red like picture shows below. (can I named each block as a node and I can fill by selecting the node name?)

score 7 · Answer 1 · answered Dec 25 '17 at 13:27

You can use a matrix

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[]
\matrix[matrix of nodes,nodes in empty cells,row sep=1mm,column sep=1mm,
    nodes={minimum size=0.5cm,draw,anchor=center,outer sep=0},
    row 5 column 2/.style={nodes={fill=blue}},
    column 1/.style={nodes={fill=red!50}},
    row 3 column 1/.style={nodes={shade,right color=yellow}}
]{&&&\\&&&\\&&&\\&&&\\&&&\\&&&\\&&&\\};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

The nodes inside a matrix are also automatically named. – percusse Dec 25 '17 at 15:45 — percusse, Dec 25 '17 at 15:45

score 6 · Accepted Answer · answered Dec 25 '17 at 12:11

You can name the coordinates and then color it (using a background layer) after the fact.

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{tikz}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h!]
    \centering
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
        \begin{tikzpicture}[text centered]
            % use layers to add shading "under" the rectangles
            \pgfdeclarelayer{background}
            \pgfsetlayers{background,main}
            \foreach[count=\ordx from 1] \x in {-8, -7.4, -6.8, -6.2}
            \foreach[count=\ordy from 1] \y in {1.8, 1.2, ..., -2.4}
            % name the top left and bottom right coordinate
            \draw (\x,\y) coordinate(TL-\ordx-\ordy) rectangle (\x+0.5,\y+0.5) coordinate(BR-\ordx-\ordy);
            % go on the background layer
            \begin{pgfonlayer}{background}
                % you can use your coordinates here; lot of possibilities
                % if you add the calc tikzlibrary
                \fill[red!20]  (TL-1-1) rectangle (BR-1-1);
                \fill[green!20]  (TL-3-1) rectangle (BR-3-1);
                \fill[red!70]  (TL-4-4) rectangle (BR-4-4);
            \end{pgfonlayer}
        \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
\end{figure}
\end{document}

The trick here is that you name the top left coordinate with (TL-x-y) y the corresponding bottom right (BR-x-y), and then use them to add the filling in the background layer.

Notice that the node names are valid only in the same tikzpicture, unless you use the option remember picture (but then you have to take care of things like stretching and resizing, which is not trivial to manage)

Sergei Golovan · Answer 3 · 2017-12-25T09:43:01.867

One way (pretty verbose) is to expand two loops into a single one, but loop over three variables (the coordinates and color):

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h!]
    \centering
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[text centered]
        \foreach \i / \j / \c in
          {0/6/red,   1/6/white, 2/6/white, 3/6/white,
           0/5/white, 1/5/white, 2/5/white, 3/5/white,
           0/4/white, 1/4/white, 2/4/white, 3/4/white,
           0/3/white, 1/3/white, 2/3/red,   3/3/white,
           0/2/white, 1/2/white, 2/2/white, 3/2/white,
           0/1/white, 1/1/red,   2/1/white, 3/1/red,
           0/0/white, 1/0/white, 2/0/white, 3/0/white}
           \filldraw[fill=\c] (-8+0.6*\i,1.8+0.6*\j) rectangle (-7.5+0.6*\i,1.3+0.6*\j);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Or you can store the properties into a separate file (you can generate it programmatically), and do the following (the idea is taken from Reading the data to iterate over with \foreach from a file):

\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.dat}
0/6/red,   1/6/white, 2/6/white, 3/6/white,
0/5/white, 1/5/white, 2/5/white, 3/5/white,
0/4/white, 1/4/white, 2/4/white, 3/4/white,
0/3/white, 1/3/white, 2/3/red,   3/3/white,
0/2/white, 1/2/white, 2/2/white, 3/2/white,
0/1/white, 1/1/red,   2/1/white, 3/1/red,
0/0/white, 1/0/white, 2/0/white, 3/0/white
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepackage{catchfile}
\newcommand\loaddata[1]{\CatchFileDef\loadeddata{#1}{\endlinechar=-1}}
\begin{document}
\begin{figure}[h!]
    \centering
    \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{%
    \begin{tikzpicture}[text centered]
        \loaddata{\jobname.dat}
        \foreach \i / \j / \c in \loadeddata
           \filldraw[fill=\c] (-8+0.6*\i,1.8+0.6*\j) rectangle (-7.5+0.6*\i,1.3+0.6*\j);
    \end{tikzpicture}
    }%
\end{figure}
\end{document}

The file \jobname.dat is included into the main file for convenience only.

that means if I need draw hundreds of blocks, then I need write down each property of them like 0/6/red? — How Chen, Dec 25 '17 at 09:28
That means that this solution wouldn't be a good one for the case of hundreds of blocks. I'd recommend to create the property list in a CSV file and use it in tikz picture. — Sergei Golovan, Dec 25 '17 at 09:30

fill color after batch draw

3 Answers3