The apacite package supports two sorts of citation commands, its own version, or the natbib versions (loaded with the natbibapa package option.)
The citation commands support both a pre-note and a post-note. The basic syntax is:
\cite<pre-note>[post-note]{citekey}
where \cite gives you (pre-note Author, Year, post-note), \citeA gives you pre-note Author (Year, post-note).
So to get your example, you would use:
\cite<e.g.>{citekey}.
If you are using the natbibapa option, the command syntax is slightly different:
\cite[pre-note][post-note]{citekey}
yields pre-note Author (year,post-note) while
\citep[pre-note][post-note]{citekey}
yields (pre-note Author, Year, post-note).
Since square brackets are used to delimit both the pre-note and the post-note, you need to provide an empty post-note to get a pre-note only. So your example would be:
\citep[e.g.][]{citekey}
You can find the full set of citation commands in the apacite documentation, or for a quick summary see: What is the relationship between natbib, apacite package, and apa document class?.
(e.g.~\citet{surname2018} )work? – Jan 02 '18 at 23:53natbibpackage\citephas two optional parameters for prefix and postfix, but this won't help you, probably. – Oleg Lobachev Jan 02 '18 at 23:55