In the following table I created the caption exactly they way I wanted. I'd like to add a "Note" below the tabular, but within the table environment, following the same style as the caption. I sort of achieved what I wanted with the following. But it seems very hacky. There must be a better way, right? E.g., is there some starred version of \caption that suppresses the float number? If there were I could just add that below the tabular. That sure would be easiest. I've checked the caption package and there seems to be no such thing. Any other solutions?
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage[margin=10pt,font=small,labelfont=bf,labelsep=colon,tableposition=top,figureposition=top]{caption}
\usepackage[leftmargin=10pt,rightmargin=10pt]{quoting}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\caption{My caption. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
\toprule
foo & bar \\
\midrule
baz & bog \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\begin{quoting}
{\small {\bf Note:} a note Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.}
\end{quoting}
\end{table}
\end{document}

floatrowpackage might be of interest. Have a look at http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/9547/floatrow-changing-the-font-of-table-footnotes – lockstep Jan 24 '12 at 21:57captionpackage actually do offer\caption*. See section 3.1 "Typesetting captions" of thecaptionpackage documentation. Other option (beside using self-defined commands) is using one of the packages which offers table notes, e.g. thethreeparttablepackage. – Jan 25 '12 at 08:47