Cylindrical diagram of a water filter

Question

I am trying to recreate this diagram (drawn in a WYSIWYG program and didn't spend a lot of time on it:

The 25cm label describes the height of the pipe (filled with different types of sand / rock). The 8cm describes the width of the pipe.

Here is my .tex ...

\documentclass[12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[>=latex,shorten >=2pt,shorten <=2pt,shape aspect=1]

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw] (grob){Grob};

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw,below of= grob] (mittelgrob){MittelGrob};

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw=black,below of=mittelgrob] (Aktivkohle){Aktivkohle};

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw=black,below of=Aktivkohle] (mittelfein){MittelFein};

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw=black,below of=mittelfein] (fein){Fein};

\node [cylinder,shape border rotate=90,minimum height=1cm,minimum width=8cm,draw=black,below of=fein] (tuch){Tuch};

\draw [<->] (tuch) -- (tuch) node [midway, above,fill=white] {$8cm$};

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

which compiles to this PDF:

Once I get the basics, I want to have different patterns (dense dots=fine sand, spaced out dots=coarser sand) and the labels of the different parts be on the right.

Thanks for your help.

Answer 1

AFAIK one needs to declare new patterns to be able to adjust the density and so on. tikz-3dplot allows you to adjust the view angles.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3.14mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz-3dplot}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,patterns}
\makeatletter
\newlength{\flex@pattern@density}
\newlength{\flex@pattern@linewidth}
\newlength{\flex@pattern@auxlength}
\newlength{\flex@pattern@auxlengthtwo}
\tikzset{/tikz/.cd,
    pattern density/.code={\flex@pattern@density=#1
    \flex@pattern@auxlength=1.1\flex@pattern@density
    \flex@pattern@auxlengthtwo=\flex@pattern@density
    \advance\flex@pattern@auxlengthtwo by 0.1pt
    %\typeout{\the\flex@pattern@density,\the\flex@pattern@auxlength}
    },
    pattern density=3pt,
    pattern line width/.code={\flex@pattern@linewidth=#1},
    pattern line width=0.4pt,
}
\pgfdeclarepatternformonly[\flex@pattern@density,\flex@pattern@linewidth,\tikz@pattern@color]{flexible dots}{\pgfqpoint{-1pt}{-1pt}}{\pgfqpoint{1pt}{1pt}}{\pgfqpoint{\flex@pattern@density}{\flex@pattern@density}}%
{
  \pgfsetcolor{\tikz@pattern@color}
  \pgfpathcircle{\pgfqpoint{0pt}{0pt}}{\flex@pattern@linewidth}
  \pgfusepath{fill}
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\tdplotsetmaincoords{100}{0}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tdplot_main_coords]
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\R}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\HW}{4}
  \pgfmathsetmacro{\HC}{12}
  % \X=label, \Y=upper height in cm, \Z=distance between dots
  \foreach \X/\Y/\Z [remember=\Y as \LastY (initially 0)] in {Tuch/1.5/1,
   Fein/3.5/3,
   MittelFein/5.5/4,
   Aktivkohle/8/5,
   MittelGrob/11/7,
   Grob/12/9}
     {%\typeout{\X,\Y,\LastY}
     \draw[pattern=flexible dots,pattern density=\Z pt,pattern line width=0.4pt] 
     plot[variable=\x,domain=0:180,smooth]
     ({\R*cos(\x)},{\R*sin(\x)},\LastY) --
     plot[variable=\x,domain=180:0,smooth]
     ({\R*cos(\x)},{\R*sin(\x)},\Y) -- cycle;
     \node[anchor=west] at (\R,0,{(\Y+\LastY)/2}){\X};
      }
  \draw plot[variable=\x,domain=0:180,smooth]
  ({\R*cos(\x)},{\R*sin(\x)},0) 
  -- 
  plot[variable=\x,domain=180:360,smooth]
  ({\R*cos(\x)},{\R*sin(\x)},\HC) -- cycle;
  \draw plot[variable=\x,domain=0:180,smooth]
  ({\R*cos(\x)},{\R*sin(\x)},\HC); 
  \draw (-1.1*\R,0,0) -- (-1.1*\R,0,\HC) node[midway,sloped,above]{25cm};
  \draw (-\R,\R,0,-0.2) -- (\R,\R,-0.2) node[midway,sloped,below]{8cm};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

Maybe this will give you some way to draw

\documentclass[tikz,margin=3mm]{standalone}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.5]
\foreach \i in {0,10,16,20,22} { % Add y-coordinates
    \draw (0,\i) arc (360:180:8cm and 3cm);
    \draw[dashed] (0,\i) arc (0:180:8cm and 3cm);
}
\draw (0,25) arc (0:360:8cm and 3cm);
\draw (-16,0)--(-16,25) (0,0)--(0,25);
\draw (-17,0)--(-17,25) node[midway,above,rotate=90] {25 cm};
\draw (-16,-3.5)--(0,-3.5) node[midway,below] {8 cm};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 3

After some more tweaking I got this .tex:

\documentclass[tikz,border=2pt,12pt]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta}

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[scale=0.15]
\foreach \i in {0,5,10,15,20,25,30} {
    \draw [thick] (0,\i) arc (360:180:6cm and 2cm);
    \draw[dashed,ultra thin] (0,\i) arc (0:180:6cm and 2cm);
}
\draw [thick](0,30) arc (0:360:6cm and 2cm);
\draw [thick](-12,0)--(-12,30) (0,0)--(0,30);
\draw [|{Stealth}-{Stealth}|](-13,0)--(-13,30) node[midway,above,rotate=90] {25 cm};
\draw [|{Stealth}-{Stealth}|](-12,-3)--(0,-3) node[midway,below] {8 cm};

\draw (0,0)--(0,5) node[midway,right] {vi};
\draw (0,5)--(0,10) node[midway,right] {v};
\draw (0,10)--(0,15) node[midway,right] {iv};
\draw (0,15)--(0,20) node[midway,right] {iii};
\draw (0,20)--(0,25) node[midway,right] {ii};
\draw (0,25)--(0,30) node[midway,right] {i};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

which typesets to: (the Roman numerals correspond to different items in the text)

I'm glad at how it turned out. It is compact and concise. If you have any tips for the appearance, please share! Thanks.