Coloring cells in a table redux: Vertical and horizontal bars hidden in most views/zooms

Question

When using \cellcolor or \rowcolor to shade a cell (or row of cells) in a table, the vertical and horizontal separators become randomly obscured or hidden when viewing the PDF. This is true for Chrome, Acrobat, and TexStudio's built-in PDF viewer.

I am required to comply with a style guide, and am allowed to use Word (!) or Tex, but the product must be a PDF. The style guide was given in Word, with a table with a shaded top row of cells. I am attempting to re-create this with LaTeX, but the PDF never renders well. The vertical and top horizontal bars around the shaded cells appear and disappear depending on zoom level. For example, see the images below, from three different zoom levels:

Zoom level 1:

Zoom level 2:

Zoom level 3:

After searching online and seeing several other posts about this, I employed and compiled many of them into this MWE. Zero of the six options work or render consistently across all zoom levels.

I have tried: tabular, tabularx, using a hack via a one-column "multicolumn," hhline, etc. Please see the MWE code below.

If anyone has an idea of how to shade a cell in a table without these rendering issues, please help!

MWE:

\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{lipsum,tabularx,booktabs,tabularx,hhline}
\usepackage[table]{xcolor}
%opening

\begin{document}

Acrobat, Chrome, and TexStudio's native PDF viewer have issues showing the 
vertical bars between and above cells which specify either cell color or row 
color.  Example tables follow:

\begin{table}
    \centering\setlength{\aboverulesep}{0pt}\setlength{\belowrulesep}{0pt}
    \setlength{\extrarowheight}{2pt}
    \caption{As can be seen, the vertical bars between X, Y, and Z are 
    invisible depending on the level of zoom.  The horizontal bar above is also 
    invisible, depending on zoom.}
    \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
        \toprule
        \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
        X & Y & Z \\
        \midrule
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hline
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\
        \bottomrule
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \caption{TabularX and the X column type do not help, though this is what I 
    need to use.  Both toprule and hline exhibit this behavior, regarding the 
    top line.}
    \begin{tabularx}{\columnwidth}{|X|X|X|}
        \hline
        \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
        X & Y & Z \\\hline
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hline
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\\hline
    \end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \caption{Multicolumn doesn't help either.}
    \begin{tabularx}{\columnwidth}{|X|X|X|}
        \hline
        \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
        \multicolumn{1}{|X|}{X} & Y & Z \\\hline
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hline
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\\hline
    \end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \caption{hhline is also ineffective at treating this issue.}
    \begin{tabularx}{\columnwidth}{|X|X|X|}
        \hhline{---}
        \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
        \multicolumn{1}{|X|}{X} & Y & Z \\\hhline{---}
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hhline{---}
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\\hhline{---}
    \end{tabularx}
\end{table}

\begin{table}
    \centering
    \caption{hhline does not help in regular tabular mode either.}
    \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}
        \hhline{---}
        \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
        X & Y & Z \\\hhline{---}
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hhline{---}
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\\hhline{---}
    \end{tabular}
\end{table}

\begin{table}[tbph]
    \centering
    \caption{Just to be clear, rowcolor and cellcolor have the same issue, and 
    specifying vertical bars with hhline does not help. Another post suggested 
    putting cellcolor in brackets, which seemed pointless, but I tried.  It was 
    indeed pointless.}
    \begin{tabularx}{\columnwidth}{|X|X|X|}
        \hhline{|-|-|-|}
        {\cellcolor[gray]{.87}}X & {\cellcolor[gray]{.87}}Y & 
        {\cellcolor[gray]{.87}}Z\tabularnewline\hhline{|-|-|-|}
        0 & 1 & 2\\\hhline{---}
        0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\\\hhline{---}
    \end{tabularx}

\end{table}

\end{document}

Answer 1

Thanks to Leandriis for pointing me in the right direction with calstable. I took code from one of those links and modified it to make it work for this specific example. People can expand upon it easily since this is a nice, clean, minimal example table.

Final result looks exactly how I expected: a simple table with shaded cells, and rules that appear correctly in any PDF viewer.

\begin{calstable}[c]
    % Defining columns relative to each other and relative to the margins
    \colwidths{{\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/3\relax}
        {\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/3\relax}
        {\dimexpr(\columnwidth)/3\relax}
    }

    % Set up the tabular
    \makeatletter
    \def\cals@framers@width{0.4pt}   % Outside frame rules, reduce if the rule is too heavy
    \def\cals@framecs@width{0.4pt}
    \def\cals@bodyrs@width{0.4pt}
    \cals@setpadding{Ag}
    \cals@setcellprevdepth{Al}
    \def\cals@cs@width{0.4pt}             % Inside rules, reduce if the rule is too heavy
    \def\cals@rs@width{0.4pt}
    \def\cals@bgcolor{}

    \def\gray{\ifx\cals@bgcolor\empty     % "Switch" to turn on and off colour
        \def\cals@bgcolor{gray!20}
        \else \def\cals@bgcolor{} \fi}

    % Header row, can add alignL/C/R to each cell if necessary
    \thead{%\bfseries
        \brow
        \gray\alignL\cell{\vfil X}
        \cell{\vfil Y}
        \cell{\vfil Z}\gray
        \erow
        \mdseries
    }
    \tfoot{\lastrule\strut}

    % Row 1 (below header)
    \brow
    \alignL\cell{\vfil 0}
    \cell{\vfil 1}
    \cell{\vfil 2}
    \erow

    % Row 2
    \brow
    \alignL\cell{\vfil 0.1}
    \cell{\vfil 0.2}
    \cell{\vfil 0.3}
    \erow

    \makeatletter
\end{calstable}
\end{table}

Answer 2

With nicematrix, you have a solution. The color panels are drawn before the rules (but you need several compilations).

\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{nicematrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{table}
\centering
\caption{With NiceTabularX}
\begin{NiceTabularX}{\columnwidth}{XXX}[colortbl-like,hvlines]
    \rowcolor[gray]{0.85}
    X   & Y   & Z \
    0   & 1   & 2\
    0.1 & 0.2 & 0.3\
\end{NiceTabularX}
\end{table}
\end{document}