\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\newfontfamily\englishfont{CMU Serif} % English font
\newfontfamily\thaifont[Script=Thai]{TH Sarabun New} % Thai font
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage{thai}
\setotherlanguage{english}
\XeTeXlinebreaklocale "th_TH"
\begin{document}
\section{ทดสอบ \englishfont{test}}
ว่างเปล่า empty0 \englishfont{empty1}
\end{document}
This code builds
Is there any way to use CMU Serif font for the section number without changing \setdefaultlanguage because most of the document is still written in Thai but I only want to change the font for numbers.
I also know that ucharclass package can do this but it is a bit outdated and doesn't have maintainer anymore.

\renewcommand\thesection{\englishfont\arabic{section}}? – Jan 19 '21 at 02:57