The acmart class uses Linux Libertine fonts for text and does
\RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
If you do the same (with \usepackage, of course), you'll get what you want and avoid mixing visually incompatible fonts.
Using the code provided by frougon
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{libertine}
\usepackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{complexity}
\begin{document}
[
\begin{array}{l}
\P \subseteq \NP\
\CVP \leq_m \SAT\
\polylog \in O(\poly)\
\PSPACE \subseteq \EXP\
\SAT \leq_T \MaxSAT\
\polylog \in \Omega(\llog)
\end{array}
]
\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}!d}% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/84308/73317
[
\forall z\in \mathbb{C},
\Bigl(
\Re(z) > 0 \implies \Gamma(z) =
\int_{0}^{+\infty} x^{z-1} e^{-x} \diff x
\Bigr)
]
\end{document}

This will use Linux Biolinum for the sans serif. If you want the sans serif used by libertinust1math, then you can do
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{libertine}
\usepackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{complexity}
\DeclareFontEncoding{LS1}{}{}
\DeclareFontSubstitution{LS1}{libertinust1mathsf}{m}{n}
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathsf}{LS1}{libertinust1mathsf}{m}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet{\mathsf}{bold}{LS1}{libertinust1mathsf}{b}{n}
\begin{document}
[
\begin{array}{l}
\P \subseteq \NP\
\CVP \leq_m \SAT\
\polylog \in O(\poly)\
\PSPACE \subseteq \EXP\
\SAT \leq_T \MaxSAT\
\polylog \in \Omega(\llog)
\end{array}
]
\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}!d}% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/84308/73317
[
\forall z\in \mathbb{C},
\Bigl(
\Re(z) > 0 \implies \Gamma(z) =
\int_{0}^{+\infty} x^{z-1} e^{-x} \diff x
\Bigr)
]
\end{document}

libertinust1mathbut it is rather ugly, so I triednewtxmathinstead, which is the combination the ACM proceedings use, I believe. Is there a better combination you suggest? – Noel Arteche Jun 05 '22 at 15:33