3
\documentclass[a4paper,onesided,12pt]{report}
\usepackage{fbe_tez}
\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
\renewcommand{\labelenumi}{(\roman{enumi})}
\usepackage{amsmath, amsthm, amssymb}
\usepackage[bottom]{footmisc}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{longtable}
\graphicspath{{figures/}} % Graphics will be here
\usepackage{epsfig}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{mathrsfs}
\usepackage[dvips]{color}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{float}
\usepackage{epstopdf}
\usepackage{graphicx, epsfig}
\usepackage{amssymb,amsmath,color}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\numberwithin{equation}{section}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{algorithm}
\usepackage{algorithmic}
\usepackage{braket}
\usepackage{unicode-math}
\usepackage[LGR, T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} 
\usepackage{textalpha}
\usepackage{parskip}

\begin{document}
\pagenumbering{roman}
\makephdtitle % M.S. thesis
\makeapprovalpage
\newpage
\null
\vspace{\fill}
\begin{flushright}
τὸ μὲν σῶμά ἐστιν ἡμῖν σῆμα\\
Plato
\end{flushright}
\end{document}

I editted my question with my actual code, I need to write the phrase "τὸ μὲν σῶμά ἐστιν ἡμῖν σῆμα" to the first page of a purely mathematical thesis. I tried the things below, kind comments, still no output.

I need left and right facing actual commas, and over a greek letter.

Thanks in advance

sema seymen
  • 31

3 Answers3

6

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[greek.polytonic]{babel}


\begin{document}


ἐστιν ἡμῖν


\end{document}

You provided no example, but in comments suggest the document is not all Greek, so:

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[greek.polytonic,english]{babel}


\begin{document}


some english \textgreek{ἐστιν ἡμῖν}  Plato


\end{document}
David Carlisle
  • 757,742
  • 1
    ἐ is actually \accpsili\textepsilon if you need a "latex accent command markup" – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 14:09
  • thank you very much for your help, but I could not manage to obtain it. my notes are below

    \begin{flushright} "$\tau \grave{\omicron}$ $\mu \grave{\varepsilon}$$\nu$ $\sigma \tilde{\omega} \mu \acute{\alpha}$ ἐστιν ἡμῖν $\sigma \tilde{\eta} \mu \alpha$"\ Plato \end{flushright}

     – sema seymen Sep 15 '22 at 14:38
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    don't use math for textual Greek. @semaseymen did you try exactly what I wrote above in the answer? – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 14:40
  • @semaseymen see updated answer – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 14:59
  • I tried the updated version, thank you, but still no output:( – sema seymen Sep 15 '22 at 15:35
  • \begin{flushright} "$\tau \grave{\omicron}$ $\mu \grave{\varepsilon}$$\nu$ $\sigma \tilde{\omega} \mu \acute{\alpha}$ \textgreek{ἐστιν ἡμῖν} $\sigma \tilde{\eta} \mu \alpha$"\ Plato \end{flushright} – sema seymen Sep 15 '22 at 15:35
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    @semaseymen No! Try what I posted, that is a complete document that makes the output shown. Fragments posted in comments can not be debugged, and as I say you should have no math here. – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 16:01
  • when I write your comment solely, it works indeed, thank you. But I have tons of other commands and packages etc. above in my original work. – sema seymen Sep 15 '22 at 16:23
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    @semaseymenmake a small but complete document that shows an error and ask about that in a new question. No one help if you just say you have an unshown error mssage from some unshown code. – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 16:32
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    @semaseymen but you need to stop using math mode and math accents such as \acute for text. – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 16:34
  • okay, this was my first post on this help page actually, I do not now how to use it properly. But you helped a lot, thank you so much for your effort. – sema seymen Sep 15 '22 at 16:38
  • The babel package option for ancient Greek, such as here, should be greek.polutonic. You can also try \usepackage[polytonicgreek, english, provide=*]{babel}, according to the manual. – Davislor Sep 15 '22 at 19:28
  • @Davislor ah yes, I'll update – David Carlisle Sep 15 '22 at 19:29
3

As an alternative to David Carlisle’s great answer, you can do this without babel and with or without entering Unicode directly. You should not be using math mode for Greek text.

But, first, unless your publisher is forcing you to use 8-bit legacy fonts in 2022, I would recommend that you switch to Unicode in LuaLaTeX ot XeLaTeX. I’ve posted several examples. In 2022, one thing you might want to add to them is \usepackage{inputnormalization}, to work around certain bugs with hyphenation and combining accents that might not have been fixed.

In PDFTeX, a MWE would be:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[LGR, T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} % You have been able to leave this out since 2018.
\usepackage{textalpha}
\usepackage{parskip} % Just tweaking the formatting of this MWE.

\begin{document}


In precomposed Unicode, τὸ μὲνσῶμά ἐστιν ἡμῖν σῆμα.


With ASCII input, \texttau\accvaria{\textomicron}
\textmu\accvaria{\textepsilon}\textnu
\textsigma\accperispomeni{\textomega}\textmu\acctonos{\textalpha}
\accpsili{\textepsilon}\textsigma\texttau\textiota\textnu{}
\accdasia{\textnu}\textmu\accperispomeni{\textiota}\textnu{}
\textsigma\accperispomeni{\texteta}\textmu\textalpha.


\end{document}

Computer Modern sample

What this does not get you and babel does is hyphenation.

The text-mode commands you need are defined for the LGR encoding, and if all you need are a few unhyphenated words, \usepackage{textalpha} lets you just type them in without an additional command to set the language or 8-bit font encoding.

If you use Unicode input in PDFTeX, it must be precomposed characters from the Greek Extended block, in NFC form. Legacy 8-bit tools do not understand Unicode combining accents.

In the LGR encoding, the commands for breathing accents you’re looking for are \accdasia and \accpsili. You can look up the full set in lgrenc.def. Here, I used the Greek names for accents, but \', \` and \~ would also work, instead of \acctonos, accvaria and \accperispomeni.

Some gotchas to look out for: commands such as \textnu \accpsili will gobble spaces unless you add an extra pair of braces as I do in the MWE, and you must use \textautosigma or \textfinalsigma to get ς rather than σ at the end of words.

Davislor
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2

If you're at stake with inputting Greek letters (and are using pdflatex) you can use the standard transliteration:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[polutonikogreek,english]{babel}

\begin{document}


\foreignlanguage{greek}{to men s~wm'a >estin <hm~in s~hma}


\end{document}

enter image description here

Note that the circumflex cannot go above omicron and epsilon, so I changed them into omega and eta. This reflects the quotation from Plato's Gorgias we find on Perseus

enter image description here

Here's the tables for transliteration and for inputting diacritics and punctuation (from texdoc cbfonts).

enter image description here

enter image description here

enter image description here

egreg
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