Searching several posts in tex.stackechange I have created the figure below using the following code
\documentclass[12pt, border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{angles,
quotes}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
my angle/.style = {draw, fill=black!20,
angle radius=7mm,
angle eccentricity=1.1,
right, inner sep=1pt,
font=\footnotesize}
]
\coordinate [label=left:$C$] (A) at (-1.5cm,-1.cm);
\coordinate [label=right:$A$] (C) at (1.5cm,-1.0cm);
\coordinate [label=above:$B$] (B) at (1.5cm,1.0cm);
\draw (A) -- node[above,rotate=33.7,font=\footnotesize] {$D=\sqrt{x_0^2+\left(\frac{v_0}{\omega_0}\right)^2}$} (B) -- node[right,font=\footnotesize] {$\frac{v_0}{\omega_0}$} (C) -- node[below,font=\footnotesize] {$x_0$} (A);
\draw (1.25cm,-1.0cm) rectangle (1.5cm,-0.75cm);
\pic[my angle, "$\phi$"] {angle = C--A--B};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
How can I modify the textsize of the vertices A, B and C? It seems to me just adding font=\footnotesize (that is, e.g., \coordinate [label=left:$C$,font=\footnotesize] (A) at (-1.5cm,-1.cm); is not the proper way.

label={[font=\footnotesize]left:$C$}Your way just changed the font size of thecoordinate(which doesn't have text). There's also theevery labelstyle. You can use any other style between[and]that at some point sets thefontkey (or thenode fontkey) – just like you did withmy angle. – Qrrbrbirlbel Nov 20 '22 at 02:05every node/.style={...}(page 226). – John Kormylo Nov 20 '22 at 16:27